德州市人居环境气候适宜性及变化特征

根据德州市11个气象站1967-2017年气温、风速、相对湿度、日照等常规气象资料,对该市的温湿指数、风效指数、穿衣指数、综合指数进行计算,分析气候适宜度。利用线性趋势法对各指数历年变化趋势进行特征分析。结果表明,(1)德州市感觉舒适的时间约7个月,感觉较不舒适的时间大约5个月左右。4月和10月为一年中最舒适的月份,1月是全年最不舒适的月份。(2)各月温湿指数、风效指数均呈明显上升趋势,穿衣指数呈明显下降趋势,综合指数冬半年呈上升趋势,夏半年基本呈下降趋势。(3)德州市综合舒适度指数的年变化呈现出波动上升趋势,绝大多数年份气候都在较舒适范围,春秋季属于较舒适和舒适等级,夏季属于较不舒适等级,冬季属于不舒适和较不舒适等级。随着气候变暖,德州市舒适期在延长,呈现出良好的人居环境气候适宜性。

Climate Suitability and Variation Characteristics of Human Settlement Environment in Dezhou

Based on the conventional meteorological data of temperatuer,wind-speed,relative humidity,sunlighr from 11 meteorological observation stations in Dezhou City from 1967 to 2017, the temperature humidity index (THI) , wind effect index(K),clothing index(ICL) and comprehensive comfort index were calculated and analyzed in detail. The linear trend approach was adopted to analyze the variation characteristics for each index over the recent 50 years. The results indicated that:(1) The period,within a year, for climate suitability at the comfortable level was longer than 7 months, and was about 5 months at the less comfortable level. April and October were the most comfortable months for climate-suitability of the year, and January was the most uncomfortable month of the year. (2) The monthly the temperature humidity index (THI) and wind effect index(K) showed a significant upward trend, while the clothing index showed a significant falling trend. The comprehensive comfort index showed an upward trend in winter and basically showed a downward trend in summer. (3) The year-round climate in Dezhou was relatively at the uncomfortable and comfortable levels. The climate in most years was at the more comfortable level. The climate of the city was at the comfortable and more comfortable levels in spring and autumn, which was at the less comfortable level in summer, and was at the less comfortable and uncomfortable levels in winter. As the climate warms, the comfort period in Dezhou was prolonged, showed a good climate suitability for human settlements.