高效提取3种不同类型植物叶片色素的方法

旨在探索不同提取方式对不同类型叶片色素的提取效果。以中华蚊母树、栀子树和油麦菜的叶片作为3种不同类型的试验材料,分析溶剂、温度、时间、光照强度及叶片与溶剂的质量体积比对3种不同类型叶片色素提取效率的影响。结果表明,浸提时间、温度和光照强度等因素均会不同程度地影响叶片组织中色素的提取。不同类型叶片色素的提取均以液氮法(MLN)提取效率最高。该法对油麦菜叶片色素的提取可完全避免光照,减少色素降解,色素提取时间缩短至5min;对中华蚊母树和栀子树叶片,研磨提取的时间较短且更加充分,色素提取效率高,整个提取过程不超过10min。MLN操作简便、耗时短、效率高、测定结果稳定,可用于科研工作和工业生产中对植物叶片组织色素的快速提取与精确测定。

Efficient Methods for Extracting Pigments from Three Different Types of Plant Leaves

In the present study, we investigated efficiency of extracting pigments from three different plant leaves of Distylium chinense (Fr.) Diels(Distylium chinense), Gardenia jasminoides Ellis (Gardenia) and Lactuca sativa var longifoliaf. Lam (lettuce) by different extraction methods. We tested effects of extraction solvent, time, temperature, intensity of illumination and massolume ratio of extraction solvent on extraction of pigments from three types of leaves. The results showed that extraction time, temperature and intensity of illumination influenced the extraction efficiency of pigments in different degrees. Besides, we found that MLN (method of liquid nitrogen) was the most efficient method for extracting pigments from three types of leaves. MLN were not affected by light in the extraction of pigments in lettuce leaves and reduced the degradation of pigments. The pigment extraction of lettuce leaves could be finished in 5 minutes by MLN, while pigment extractions of Distylium chinense and Gardenia leaves could be finished in 10 minutes. Our study demonstrated that MLN was a simple, efficient and reliable method for extracting pigments from three types of leaves. Which could be applied to extract pigments from plant leaves for scientific research and industrial production.