土壤—植物根系统的水分传输(综述)

以土壤-根系统的水分传输为主题,对土壤、根、水三者的内在联系,根系吸水机制和水流阻力分布等问题的研究进展和异议做了重点讨论。根系具有向湿润土层发育的功能.活性根系的空间分布直接受到剖面土壤水分变化的影响。根系吸水同时受到根际水势梯度和蒸腾速率的影响,但人们对三者关系的认识各异。根阻力是土-根系统主要阻力的观点已为多数学者接受,但仍有相反的例证。虽然,根的轴向阻力远较径向阻力小,但新的证据表明根的轴向阻力不容忽视。根毛和菌根在土-根系统的水分传输中亦有特定的功能和作用。

Water Transport in the Soil-root System

This review is mainly to discuss the advances and arguments in soil-root-water interactions,the mechanisms of water uptake by roots,and the resistances to water movement in the soil- root system.Roots are able to extend into the wetter soil regions to meet plant's need for transpiration. The spatital distribution of active roots is changes with the variation of water content in the soil profile. Water uptake by roots is affected simultaneously by water potential gradient in the rhizosphere and transpiration...