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Natural 13C abundance and soil carbon dynamics under long‐term residue retention in a no‐till maize system
Authors:Pramod Jha  S Verma  R Lal  C Eidson  G S Dheri
Institution:1. Indian Institute of Soil Science (ICAR), Nabi Bagh, Bhopal, India;2. Carbon Management & Sequestration Center, School of Environment & Natural Resources, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA;3. Dr. YS Parmar University of Horticulture and Forestry, Nauni, Solan, HP, India;4. Department of Soil Science, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, Punjab, India
Abstract:Residue retention and reduced tillage are both conservation agricultural practices that may enhance soil organic carbon (SOC) stabilization in soil. We evaluated the long‐term effects of no‐till (NT) and stover retention from maize on SOC dynamics in a Rayne silt loam Typic Hapludults in Ohio. The six treatments consisted of retaining 0, 25, 50, 75, 100 and 200% of maize residues on each 3 × 3 m plot from the crop of previous year. Soil samples were obtained after 9 yrs of establishing the experiment. The whole soil (0–10 and 10–20 cm of soil depths) samples under different treatments were analysed for total C, total N, recalcitrant C (NaOCl treated sample) and 13C isotopic abundance (0–10 cm soil depth). Complete removal of stover for a period of 9 yrs significantly (P < 0.01) decreased soil C content (15.5 g/kg), whereas 200% of stover retention had the maximum soil C concentration (23.1 g/kg). Relative distribution of C for all the treatments in different fractions comprised of 55–58% as labile and 42–45% as recalcitrant. Retention of residue did not significantly affect total C and N concentration in 10–20 cm depth. 13C isotopic signature data indicated that C4‐C (maize‐derived C) was the dominant fraction of C in the top 0–10 cm of soil layer under NT with maize‐derived C accounting for as high as 80% of the total SOC concentration. Contribution of C4‐C or maize‐derived C was 71–84% in recalcitrant fraction in different residue retained plots. Residue management is imperative to increase SOC concentrations and long‐term agro‐ecosystem necessitates residue retention for stabilizing C in light‐textured soils.
Keywords:No‐till  maize  soil organic carbon  nitrogen  carbon stabilization  13C isotopic abundance
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