| 川中紫色丘陵坡耕地细沟发生临界坡长及其控制探讨 |
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| 引用本文： | 严冬春,文安邦,史忠林,苏明,贺秀斌.川中紫色丘陵坡耕地细沟发生临界坡长及其控制探讨[J].水土保持研究,2010,17(6). |
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| 作者姓名： | 严冬春 文安邦 史忠林 苏明 贺秀斌 |
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| 作者单位： | 中国科学院成都山地灾害与环境研究所;中国科学院研究生院; |
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| 摘 要： | 细沟侵蚀是坡面土壤侵蚀的主要形式之一,是介于片状侵蚀与沟道侵蚀之间的一种侵蚀类型,细沟一旦发生,坡面侵蚀量将成倍增加.由于细沟侵蚀的发生需要一定的坡长来汇集径流,对于某一坡度的地块,一次暴雨中细沟总是表现在一定的坡长处发生,这一坡长称为细沟发生的临界坡长.在细沟发生的临界坡长处采取措施控制细沟的发生将大大降低坡耕地水土流失量.通过人工降雨试验发现:细沟发生过程分为片蚀为主阶段、跌坎发育阶段、细沟侵蚀为主阶段和雨后径流侵蚀阶段,紫色土坡耕地细沟的发生以坡面跌坎的贯穿为标志;10°、15°、20°、25°坡耕地细沟发生的平均临界坡长分别为6.25,4.19,2.77,1.60 m;细沟发生临界坡长与坡度呈二次抛物线关系.在人工降雨试验基础上,总结了以控制细沟发生为核心的"大横坡+小顺坡"耕作模式,通过构建横坡截流沟分割地块,实施有效的拦截径流,减少坡面侵蚀泥沙.
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| 关 键 词： | 细沟 临界坡长 紫色土 坡耕地 |
Critical Slope Length and Control of Rill Occurrence on Cultivated Land of Purple Soil in Sichuan Basin |
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| YAN Dong-chun,WEN An-bang,SHI Zhong-lin,SU Ming,HE Xiu-bin.Critical Slope Length and Control of Rill Occurrence on Cultivated Land of Purple Soil in Sichuan Basin[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2010,17(6). |
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| Authors: | YAN Dong-chun WEN An-bang SHI Zhong-lin SU Ming HE Xiu-bin |
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| Institution: | YAN Dong-chun1,2,WEN An-bang1,SHI Zhong-lin1,SU Ming1,HE Xiu-bin1(1.Institute of Mountain Hazards and Environment,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Chengdu 610041,China,2.Graduate Univercity of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049,China) |
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| Abstract: | Rill erosion is one of the main formats in slope erosion,of which is one special erosion style between sheet erosion and gully erosion.The rate of soil erosion would be double increased,once rill erosion took place.There is a critical length about one vested slope because the rill erosion occurrence needs a certain length to influx runoff.If there were some measures to cut the length of slope,for avoiding rill erosion occurrence the amount of soil erosion would be decreased significantly.According to the ar... |
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| Keywords: | rill critical slope length purple soil cultivated land |
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