有机-无机复合保水肥料的保水保肥效果研究

在保水剂中加入某些矿物和作物养分可制成有机-无机复合保水肥，通过盆栽试验，在淋溶和水分胁迫条件下对研制的有机－无机复合保水肥的肥效、保水保肥性能进行了研究，结果表明：有机－无机复合保水肥能显著提高盆栽玉米生物量，氮肥利用率比普通尿素提高一倍以上；并能明显降低肥料的淋溶损失量，其抗淋失的保肥性能与塑料包膜尿素相当；能显著提高水分利用率，与普通肥相比提高幅度可达30.81%。试验结果还表明，集中施用能大幅度提高保水肥的保水保肥功效。采用保水剂和矿物在一定条件下制得的复合保水剂与肥料适当混合用于林木也具有明显的保水保肥功效。

Water and fertilizer retaining effects of organic-inorganic composite water-retained fertilizers

Organic and inorganic composite water-retained fertilizers (OICWF) can be made by adding some kinds of mineral and chemical fertilizers into super absorbent polymer. The pot experiment was carried out to investigate water-retaining and fertilizer-controlled effects of OICWF under nutrients loss and water stress conditions. The result showed that the OICWF applied could improve the corn biomass significantly and one more times on N use efficiency than that by common urea treatment and decrease the fertilizer leaching loss obviously, its fertilizer-controlled characteristic was similar to plastics coated urea. Compared to applying ordinary fertilizer, the water use efficiency was increased by 30.81% by applying OICWF concentratively. In addition, the obvious water-retained and fertilizer-controlled effects in trees were demonstrated by applying the mixture of fertilizer and composite super absorbent polymer, which was made by adding some kinds of mineral into super absorbent polymer.