籼型杂交水稻恢复系明恢77的应用

明恢77是我国通过人工制恢育成的推广面积较大的早熟恢复系,改变了我国杂交水稻早熟恢复系较为单一的局面,在我国早熟恢复系应用历史上起着更新换代的作用,为发展我国早熟杂交水稻和粮食增产发挥了巨大的作用。至2010年,全国以明恢77为父本配组育成了11个组合通过省级以上品种审定,其中3个组合通过国家品种审定。从1991～2010年,用明恢77配组的所有组合累计推广面积达744.67万hm2,累计增产粮食36.0亿kg。明恢77还是选育早熟恢复系的重要骨干亲本。至2011年,全国各育种单位以明恢77为亲本选育的新恢复系有24个,这些新恢复系配组了34个组合通过省级以上品种审定。2005～2010年,这些恢复系配组的组合累计推广面积达50.4万hm2,累计增产粮食10 731.95万kg。最后,还讨论了明恢77在生产上能够大面积应用的原因。明恢77恢复力强,恢复谱广,配合力好,配组的组合杂种优势强、产量高、适应性好,对稻瘟病抗性强,米质较优,这是明恢77能够在生产上大面积推广的原因所在。

Application of Indica Hybrid Rice Restorer Line Minghui77

Successful breeding and application of the restorer line Minghui77 had changed a relatively single situation and played the role in the renewal of the early maturing restorer line application in China.Up to 2010,there were 11 combinations of hybrid rice approved by the national and provincial crop variety registration committee,which were bred from Minghui77.And three of them were approved by the national authorities in China.The statistics indicated that the total planting area of hybrid rice combinations derived from Minghui77 was 7.4467 million hectares,and the output of rice was increased by 3.6 billion kilograms.Furthermore,Minghui77 was an important backbone parent to breed early maturing restorer lines.Up to 2011,24 new restorer lines were successfully bred from Minghui77 as the main parent in China.34 combinations of hybrid rice with these new restorer lines were approved by the national and provincial crop variety registration committee.The total planting area of them was 504 thousand hectares in China from 2005 to 2010,and the output of rice was increased by 107.32 million kilograms.Finally,the author discussed the reason that Minghui77 was widely utilized.The strong restoring ability,broad restoring spectrum,high combining ability,obvious heterosis of hybrid combinations,high rice yield,excellent adaptability,good resistance to rice blast,super grain quality and so on good characteristics can explain the reason for the large produce area of Minghui77.