昆虫对生物农药的抗性机制及对策

本文综述了昆虫对B.t等生物杀虫剂的抗性机制及延缓昆虫抗性发展所应采取的措施。昆虫通过下列不同机制产生抗生：1）昆虫的血淋巴对B.t等生物杀虫剂的营养细胞的抑制作用。2）各种来源的蛋白酶对毒素蛋白的过度降解作用。3）昆虫中肠沉淀蛋白对毒素蛋白的沉淀作用。4）中肠上皮修复能力增强。5）中肠的吸附位点对毒素蛋白的亲和力下降。通过加强对B.t菌株的选育，合理科学的用药方式及采用不同的模式进行植物基因操作以提高杀虫蛋白的表达和活性等综合措施，减缓和降低昆虫抗性的发展。

MECHANISMS OF RESISTANCE OF INSECTS TO BIOPESTICIDES AND THE STRATEGIES TO DELAY AND DECLINE THE RESISTANCE.

This review involves the mechanisms of resistance of insects to biopesticides and the strategies to delay and decline the resistance. It has been shown that some insects produce resistance by different ways. Such. as: 1) The inhabitation of insects hemolymph to the cells of bio-pesticide such as B.t. 2)High proteolytic activity to toxin by various proteinases from insects; 3) Precipitation of toxin by proteins in insects midgut; 4) Enhancement of the recovery ability of midgut epitheioulium; 5)The reduced binding of the toxin to the midgut acceptors. Comprehensive treatments should be used to reduce the insect resistance to bio - insecticide: selecting high toxic strains (B. t) ; using insecticides scientifically; engineering plants by different ways to overexpress B. t toxic protein to confer resistance to transgenic plants against B.- resistant insects.