不同生态型的11个柳枝稷品种组织培养反应评价

以美国从南到北11个不同生态型柳枝稷（Panicum virgatum L.）品种的成熟种子为外植体，进行愈伤组织诱导和分化，对其愈伤组织各种形态及比例进行统计分析，以评价不同生态型柳枝稷的组织培养反应。结果表明：低地型品种Alamo和Performer的种子发芽率和愈伤诱导率均较低，但组织培养中结构松脆、生长旺盛、色泽鲜亮、增殖较快、容易分化成苗的Ⅱ型愈伤组织比例高，容易再生成苗；虽然高地型品种Dacotach，Blackwell和Nebraska28等的愈伤诱导率和种子发芽率较高，但较难挑选出Ⅱ型愈伤组织，不易获得组培再生苗。本研究结果为柳枝稷的遗传改良和生物技术育种奠定基础。

Evaluation of the Tissue Culture Responses of 11 Switchgrass Varieties from Different Ecotypes

Mature seeds of 11 different switchgrass (Panicum virgatum L.) varieties harvested from different places of US were used as explants for callus induction. Three different types of callus were observed and analyzed statistically. Results showed that lowland ecotypes such as Alamo and Performer had lower seed germination and callus induction rates, the higher proportion of type Ⅱ callus described as friable, rapidly growing, bright color and exceeding regeneration. Upland varieties like Dacotach, Blackwell, Nebraska28 had higher callus induction and seed germination rates, but very low proportion of type Ⅱ callus that made callus difficult to regenerate plantlets. These results paved the way for the genetic improvement and biotechnical breeding of switchgrass.