草地生态系统碳循环及其影响因素研究进展

近年来，全球变化背景下草地生态系统的碳循环及其影响因素已经成为生态学、地学、植物学和农学的研究热点之一。本文介绍了草地碳循环的过程，探讨了碳素在大气、草地植被、草食动物和土壤中的周转途径，重点分析了气候因素、土壤因素、CO₂浓度升高及人为因素对碳循环过程的影响，以期加深草地生态系统碳循环及其影响因素的理解，并提出了草地生态系统碳循环研究尚需解决的主要问题和研究前景。

Research Progress on the Carbon Cycle and Impact Factors of Grassland Ecosystem

The carbon cycle of grassland ecosystem and its impact factors has become a study focus in the field of ecology, geology, botany and agronomy due to drastic global change in recent years. The present paper introduces the process of carbon cycle of grassland ecosystem and discusses the circulation of carbon among atmosphere sink, vegetation sink, herbivores sink and soil sink. Furthermore, the influences of climate factors, soil factors, CO₂ enrichment and human activities on carbon cycle were also analyzed here. The main problems and prospects of the study on grassland ecosystem carbon cycle are proposed.