埃塞俄比亚,巴哈尔达尔地区牛錐虫病流行病学的调查研究

牛锥虫病在埃塞俄比亚是一种流行广泛、危害严重的疾病。研究流行病学的目的在于为有效的控制本病提供依据。 1978—1979年间,在巴哈尔达尔地区5个点检查牛血片5171枚,共发现阳性牛576头,感染率为11.14％。病原体经形态学鉴定全部为活跃锥虫。季节动态方面全年呈现三个阶梯:2月下旬至6月,仅有个别病例发生,感染率在4％以下为全年最低期;从7月开始感染率急剧上升至9月均为10％左右;从10月开始感染率进一步上升至翌年2月均在15％左右,为全年最高期。由此可见,该地区全年有7个半月为牛锥虫病的流行季节,其余时间为淡季。对上述结果,结合该地区的地理气候条件进行了较详细的讨论,并提出了防治意见。

AN INVESTIGATION ON EPIZOOTIOLOGY OF TRYPANOSOMIASIS OF CATTLE IN BAHAR DAR REGION,ETHIOPIA

Bovine trypanosomiasis spreads widely in Ethiopia, producing a serious menance to cattle. An investigation on epizootiology of bovine trypanosomiasis was carried out in order to provide valuable information as the basis for devising control measures. 5171 blood-smear samples collected from Bahar Dar region (five places) were examined during 1978—1979. It was found that 576 cattle were infected with trypanosomes, infcotive rate being 11.4％。All of them were identified as Trypanosoma vivax morphologically. Results obtained from the investigation on seasonal dynamics of infection revealed that only a few cases occurred from late February to gune & infective rate was below 4%, the lowest period of infective rate in the year. After that, infctive rate rose rappidly to about 10%, lasting grom guly to September and reached to a mach higher rate of about 15% from October to February of next year, being the highest period of infective rate of the year Thence, this disease prevails for seven & half months in this region in a year & the rest period is slack season. These investigative results were disccussed in detail & a suggestion was made for control measures against bovine trypanosomiasis for this region.