石竹试管花的诱导及其影响因子的研究

以石竹试管花的茎段为材料，研究了几种因子对试管花形成的作用。结果表明，开花植株的茎段可稳定地保持形成花芽的能力；外源激素对试管花的形成不是必需的因子。低浓度的生长素利于长根，对花芽的形成没有明显的影响，但较高浓度明显地抑制试管花的形成；细胞分裂素只促进营养芽的分化，完全抑制花芽的形成；所试培养基的各类和浓度除Ｎ６培养基外对花芽的作用没明显的差异；在缺ＮＨ４ＮＯ３的培养基中植株的营养生长受到抑制，植株变矮，叶片数减少，基部叶片发黄，植株提前开花，但不影响开花率。植株上部茎段比下部茎段形成花芽的频率高。

In Vitro Flowering from Explants In Dianthus chinensisL. and Factors Enfluenced Flower Formation

Flowers in vitro have been obtained by culturing stem segments from flowering plant in Dianthus chinensis L.. The results of experiments with different media or suplements are as follow: 1.This flowering habit has possisted for more than ten shoot regeneration cycles over a year. 2.Regulators were not necessary to induce flower in vitro. Auxin IBA at lower level promoted root growth, and it did not affect flower formation. Higher level of IBA obviously inhibited flower development. Cytokinin BAP(Benzylaminopurine) accelerated nutrient shoot differentiation. It entrirely restrained flower formation. 3.There were no difference to flower formation among media except N 6. N 6 and MS saved NH 4NO 3 made leaf bud turn to flower earlier than total medium. However, it did not affect flowering frequence. 4. Numbers of flowering plants formed from higher section of stem were more than that from lower section. Therefore, explant physiological state was a key factor for floweing in vitro.