基于电容检测技术的蒜种鳞芽扶正装置设计与试验

针对传统机械方式鳞芽扶正率低、可靠性差等问题，提出了一种基于电容检测技术的蒜种鳞芽定向方法，搭建了相应的鳞芽检测与扶正装置，并对其结构和运行参数进行了优化。基于ANSYS电场分析验证了方法的可行性，基于EDEM仿真平台进行了接播装置结构的优化。结果表明，当接播装置底面夹角、短轴半径、长轴半径分别为80°、22.99 mm和27.79 mm时，装置性能最优，理论直立率为96.6%,物理试验验证了优化结果的可靠性。以极板参数为试验因素，以信噪比为试验指标，开展极板尺寸优化试验。结果表明，极板参数为45 mm×8 mm×0.10 mm时，装置性能最优。以金乡、苍山蒜种为试验对象，开展样机试验，正芽率为95.0%,满足大蒜播种要求。

Design and Test of Garlic Clove Orientation Device Based on Capacitive Detection Technology

In order to solve the problem of low upright rate of traditional machinery, a method for determining the garlic clove orientation based on capacitive detection technology was proposed. There were differences in morphological structure between the bud and the root: under the same width, the volume of the bud was smaller than that of the root. The feature was exploited and converted to an average dielectric constant difference to determine the orientation of the garlic clove by detecting the capacitance. The feasibility of the method was verified based on the electric field analysis of ANSYS in the research process. In addition, the corresponding bud adjustment device was designed. Orthogonal tests took the short axis radius, long axis radius, and bottom angle of the device as the test factors and the upright rate as the test indicators, and the test data were analyzed by Design-Expert 11.1.2.0 software to obtain the order of influence of each factor on the index value. The results showed that when the bottom angle, short axis radius, and long axis radius were 80°, 22.99mm, and 27.79mm, respectively, the device performance was optimal and the theoretical upright rate was 96.6%. The test verification of the optimized factors was basically consistent with the optimized results. With the pole plate parameter as the test factor and the signal to noise ratio as the test indicators, the test data showed that the device performance was optimal when the pole plate parameter was 45mm×8mm×0.10mm. The prototype test was carried out with Jinxiang and Cangshan garlic cloves, and the qualified rate was 95.0%, which met the requirements of garlic sown. The research result can provide support for the application of capacitance detection technology in precision sowing equipment.