密穗型水稻的研究现状及展望

水稻密穗型品种通过“扩库”使产量水平有了较大提高,其育成和推广在近20年来浙江省晚粳稻品种改良及增产中起了重要作用。分析了密穗型品种的形态学特征及其生理生态特性,从群体小气候环境、物质的生产和分配、产量结构、稻曲病的发生及稻米品质和灌浆特性等方面进行了讨论。在此基础上,对密穗型水稻的研究作了展望,认为应继续加大形态类型创新和育种基础材料的创新,开展不同类型品种源库关系的研究,以及不同类型品种品质差异及其形成机理的研究。

Situation and Prospect in Studies on Compact Panicle Type of Rice

The rice varieties, characterized by the compact panicle type have been developed and used in the production during recent two decades in Zhejiang province, showing the significant role in yield potential improvement. The morphology and the eco-physiological properties of the compact panicle type rice were outlined, mainly analyzing the effects of this plant on field microclimate, production and transportation of dry matter, yield components, occurrence of rice false smut and rice quality, and grain-filling characters. The main issues have been proposed for further research of the compact panicle type rice, including continuous innovations of plant types and germplasms for rice breeding, comparative studies on relationship between the resource and sink, on differences in rice quality formation and their mechanisms among varieties with different plant type.