优质抗旱小麦新品种晋麦78号的选育

晋麦78号系山西省农业科学院小麦研究所旱地育种研究室以扬麦5号为母本、晋麦50号为父本通过有性杂交选育而成。该品种冬性,中早熟,平均生育期236 d。幼苗叶色淡绿,抗寒耐冻,分蘖力强,株型较松散。株高75~80 cm,穗长方形,穗粒数28~35粒,千粒重37~41 g。具有抗干热风、耐高温、耐旱、落黄好等特点。在山西省南部旱地区试中,平均单产达3 666.6 kg/hm2,较对照晋麦47号平均增产6.52%;在生产试验中,平均产量达4 165.5 kg/hm2,较对照平均增产7.0%。适宜晋南麦区旱地推广种植。

Breeding of New Winter Wheat Variety Jinmai 78 with High-quality and Drought Resistance

Jinmai 78,a winter wheat variety with high-quality,drought resistance and high yield,was crossed with Yangmai 5(female),Jinmai 50(male) through years of selections.The growth period is 236 d,belonging to winterness and middle-early maturity variety.The leaf of seedling is light green.There are strong tiller,winter resistance and relaxing plant type.The plant height is 75～80 cm,grains per spike is 28～35,1 000-grain weight is 37～41g.There are characteristic with dry heat wind resistance,drought resistance and good maturity.The variety got an average yield of 3 666.6 kg/hm2 at dryland regional tests of the south of Shanxi,which is 6.52% higher than the control variety.The variety got an average yield of 4 165.5 kg/hm2 at production tests in the year 2005~2006,which is 7.0% higher than the control variety.It is suitable to cultivate in dry lands in southern of Shanxi.