复合益生菌对眼斑双锯鱼(Amphiprion ocellaris)肠道消化酶、菌群结构以及形态的影响

为探讨饲料中添加复合益生菌对眼斑双锯鱼(Amphiprion ocellaris)肠道消化酶、菌群结构及形态的影响,将135尾初始体重(0.79±0.01)g的眼斑双锯鱼随机分为3组,每组3个重复,分别投喂复合益生菌有效活菌添加量为0%(对照组)、3%(L3组)和6%(L6组)的饲料,进行为期28 d的养殖试验。结果显示,复合益生菌能提升试验鱼肠道蛋白酶的活性,其中L3组肠道蛋白酶显著提升(P<0.05);能显著降低试验鱼肠道淀粉酶活性(P<0.05);能降低脂肪酶活性(P>0.05)。随着饲料中益生菌添加量的增加,试验鱼肠道中变形菌门丰度开始增多,拟杆菌门丰度降低。饲料中益生菌添加量的增加显著降低试验鱼肠道肌层厚度并显著增加试验鱼肠道绒毛高度(P<0.05)。可见,饲料中添加3%复合益生菌可改善眼斑双锯鱼肠道消化酶活性,提高肠道微生物群落多样性,改善肠道组织形态和功能。

Effect of compound probiotics on digestive enzymes,microflora structure and morphology of Amphiprion ocellaris

In order to investigate the effects of compound probiotics added in diet on digestive enzymes,flora structure and morphology of intestinal tract of Amphiprion ocellaris,135 fish with an initial weight of(0.79±0.01)g were randomly divided into 3 groups with 3 replicates in each group.The compound probiotics were added in diet of the fish at different levels,i.e.,0%(control group),3%(group L3)and 6%(group L6)respectively for a 28-day experiment.The results showed that compound probiotics could improve the activity of intestinal protease in the fish,among which the intestinal protease in group L3 was significantly increased(P<0.05).The amylase activity was reduced significantly in intestinal tract of the fish(P<0.05);The lipase activity was reduced too(P>0.05).With the increase of probiotics in diet,the abundance of Proteobacteria in intestines of the fish increased,while that of Bacteroidetes decreased.Increased supplement of probiotics in diet significantly reduced the thickness of intestinal muscle layer and increased the height of intestinal villus of the fish(P<0.05).To sum up,the addition of 3%compound probiotics in diet improved the digestive enzyme activity,increased the diversity of intestinal microbial community,and improved the morphology and function of intestine of the fish.