5-氨基乙酰丙酸对绿豆碳代谢及产量的影响

以绿豆品种绿丰2号和绿丰5号为材料,设置5-氨基乙酰丙酸（ALA）拌种处理,未用ALA拌种为对照,研究ALA对始花期绿豆碳代谢及产量的影响。结果表明,ALA提高了2个绿豆品种叶绿素a、叶绿素b以及总叶绿素含量,同时显著增强了2个绿豆品种叶片净光合速率、气孔导度以及蒸腾速率,提高了胞间CO₂浓度与外界CO₂浓度比值,降低了气孔限制值。ALA能有效提高2个品种光合系统潜在活性（F_v/F_o）,分别较对照增加11.98%和5.49%,显著提高了实际光化学量子效率,提高了功能叶片蔗糖含量,降低淀粉含量,并提高了蔗糖合成酶活性,降低了酸性转化酶活性。ALA可有效促进V1–V5期绿豆叶面积指数增加。拌种处理通过改善绿豆百粒重、单株粒数、单株粒重及单株荚数等产量构成因素来提升产量。综上,ALA能够有效改善不同绿豆品种的光合特性和碳代谢途径。

Effects of 5-Aminolevulinic Acid on Carbon Metabolism and Yield of Mung Bean

Field experiments were conducted with two mung bean varieties of Lüfeng 2 and Lüfeng 5. Mung bean seeds treated with 5-aminolevulinic acid (ALA) was taken as treatment, and no seed dressing was taken as control. Aiming to investigate the effect of ALA on carbon metabolites and yield of mung bean at initial flowering stage. The results showed that ALA treatment increased the contents of chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b and chlorophyll a+b. The net photosynthetic rate, stomatal conductance and transpiration rate of leaves were significantly increased, the ratio of intercellular CO₂ concentration to ambient CO₂ concentration was increased, and stomatal limit value was decreased. ALA treatment effectively increased the potential activity of photosynthetic system of two mung bean varieties by 11.98% and 5.49%, respectively, and significantly improved the actual photochemical quantum efficiency compared with the control, the functional leaves sucrose content was increased, and starch content was decreased. The sucrose synthetase activity was increased, and acid invertase activity was decreased. ALA effectively promoted the leaf area index at V1-V5 stages. ALA increased yield by improving yield components such as 100-grain weight, number of grains per plant, grain weight per plant and number of pods per plant. In conclusion, ALA could effectively improve the photosynthetic properities, and increase carbon metabolism pathway of different mung bean varieties.