二棱大麦品种（系）的综合评价

为更精准筛选和选育不同用途二棱大麦品种,对38份不同来源及用途的二棱大麦品种（系）的株高、穗长、千粒重、穗粒数、有效穗数、籽粒产量和不孕粒数等主要农艺性状及籽粒蛋白质含量进行综合评价。结果表明,参试二棱大麦品种（系）有效穗数、产量、穗长、不孕粒数及蛋白质含量变异丰富,株高、千粒重及穗粒数变异相对较小,二棱大麦育种的增产效应主要体现在穗长和有效穗数的适度增加。相关性分析表明,二棱大麦各性状间存在复杂的相关性,且多个性状均可影响产量,有效穗数与产量呈极显著正相关。供试二棱大麦品种（系）在遗传距离10水平上可聚为中秆大粒型和矮秆多穗型两类。主成分分析将38份二棱大麦品种（系）的主要农艺性状分为4个主成分,其累计贡献率达85.5807%;以前4个主成分得分值为指标进行主成分二维排序分析,分析38份二棱大麦品种（系）在特定因子性状上的差异,结果为创制优异种质及亲本选择提供依据。

Comprehensive Evaluation of Two-Rowed Barley Varieties(Lines)

In order to select and create excellent two-rowed barley germplasm, the agronomic traits of 38 two-rowed barley varieties (lines), including plant height, panicle length, 1000-grain weight, number of grains per panicle, effective panicle number, grain yield, infertility grain number, and grain protein content, were analyzed and comprehensively evaluated. Results showed that the variations of these traits, effective panicle number, grain yield, panicle length, infertility grain number and protein content of the two-rowed barley varieties (lines) were relatively large, while the variations of plant height, 1000-grain weight and grain number per panicle were relatively small. The yield increase effect of two-rowed barley breeding was mainly reflected in the moderate increase of panicle length and effective panicle number. Correlation analysis showed that there were complex correlations among the characters of two-rowed barley, and several characters affected the yield, among which there was a significant positive correlation between effective panicle number and grain yield. At the level of genetic distance of 10, the two-rowed barley varieties (lines) could be divided into two groups: medium stalk and large-grain type, and short stalk and multi-panicle type. Through principal component analysis, the main agronomic traits of 38 two-rowed barley varieties (lines) were divided into four principal components, and their cumulative contribution rate was 85.5807%. Furthermore through the principal component two-dimensional sequencing analysis, scores of the first four principal components were used as indexes to analyze the differences in specific factor traits of 38 two-rowed barley varieties (lines), which provide the basis for the creation of excellent germplasm and the selection of parents.