美国能源草柳枝稷的研究进展

柳枝稷（Panicum virgatum）是美国本土植物,因为适应性广、耐贫瘠、产量高、多年生和易于管理等特性被美国能源部和农业部作为纤维素乙醇转化模式植物。在过去30余年里,美国在柳枝稷种质收集、遗传育种、栽培、管理、收获等方面进行了大量的研究,取得了不少成果,以提高产量为主要目标培育了数十个柳枝稷的品种,围绕提高产量和抗逆性的品种改良研究正在深入开展。柳枝稷具有较高的能量转化效率和经济效益,在环保效益表现尤为突出。通过继续提高柳枝稷的产量,科学规划组织生产,创新能源转化加工工艺,柳枝稷转化能源可以在不久的将来实现产业化生产。从遗传选育、栽培管理、转化效益和效率等方面综述了美国柳枝稷的研究进展。

The Research Progress of Switchgrass-Energy Grass in America

Switchgrass is American native plants and has been regarded as cellulosic ethanol transformation model plants by US Department of Agriculture and Department of Energy,because the characteristics of wide adaptation,high tolerance,high yield,perennation and simple management.The aspects of germplasm collection,heredity,breeding,planting,management and harvest of switchgrass were studied extensively and received many achievements in past 30 years.Dozens of switchgrass varieties were created to improve the yield,and breeds improvement research on improving the yield and stress resistance were being carried out.Switchgrass has higher energy transfer efficiency and economic benefit,especially in environmental protection benefits.Through improving the output of switchgrass sequentially,planning and organizing production scientifically and innovating energy transition processing technology,switchgrass transition energy,could realize the industrialization production in the near future.The research progress of American switchgrass was summarized from the aspects of heredity and breeding,cultivation management,transition benefits and efficiency and so on.