高产玉米田土壤呼吸强度及其与碳、氮营养的关系

以松辽平原玉米带高产培育土壤与平产土壤(常规耕作土壤)为研究对象,研究了土壤呼吸强度的变化特征及其与土壤碳、氮营养的关系。结果表明:高产培育土壤基础呼吸强度增加;底物诱导呼吸强度则在高产、平产土壤上变化规律不明显,当葡萄糖浓度低于50 mg/kg时,随着葡萄糖浓度的增加,高产及平产土壤呼吸强度均迅速提高;呼吸商在不同地区高产、平产土壤的变化差异不同,呼吸商与土壤有机碳、全氮、碱解氮及碳氮比呈极显著负相关(P0.01)。反映了土壤呼吸强度与土壤碳氮营养的相互调节作用。因此在农业生产中适量施用有机物质既可以补充一定的营养物质,又可以提高土壤呼吸强度,提高微生物活性及其功能,改善土壤碳氮营养结构。

Soil Respiration Intensity and Its Relationship with Carbon, Nitrogen Nutrition in High-Yield Corn Field

The soil respiration intensity and its relationship with carbon, nitrogen nutrition were studied in high yield and normal yield soils from corn belts of Songliao Plain. The results showed that soil basic respiration intensity was higher in high yield soils than that in normal ones. But there was no obvious change of substrate-induced respiration intensity in high yield and normal yield soils. Substrate-induced respiration intensity of soils rapidly increased with the increase of glucose concentrations from 0-50 mg/kg. There was a significant negative correlation between the respiration quotient and the organic carbon, total nitrogen, available nitrogen, carbon to nitrogen ratio of soils. Theses results suggested that carbon and nitrogen of soils have controlled effect on soil respiration. Therefore, the appropriate application of organic manure is useful for enhancing soil fertility, increasing soil respiration, and improving soil nutrient structure.