喹草酮与辛酰溴苯腈复配应用于小麦田的除草效果及对小麦的安全性

为明确新型除草剂喹草酮应用于小麦田的除草效果及对小麦的安全性，在温室内采用共毒系数法对喹草酮与辛酰溴苯腈联合作用进行测定，并验证喹草酮与辛酰溴苯腈两者混用以及与双氟磺草胺三者混用时对小麦田杂草的防效，以及对小麦的安全性。温室试验结果表明，喹草酮对阿拉伯婆婆纳Veronica persica防效优，试验剂量下全部死亡，对播娘蒿Descurainia sophia和麦家公 Lithospermum arvense的GR₅₀分别为12.67 g （a.i.）/hm²和152.99 g （a.i.）/hm²；辛酰溴苯腈对播娘蒿和麦家公防效优，其GR₅₀分别为26.22 g （a.i.）/hm²和13.36 g （a.i.）/hm²，对阿拉伯婆婆纳防效略差，GR₅₀为85.12 g （a.i.）/hm²。喹草酮与辛酰溴苯腈按有效成分用量1：1~1：2.5配比时，阿拉伯婆婆纳全部死亡，对播娘蒿的共毒系数在140.34~202.77之间，呈明显增效作用，对麦家公的共毒系数达700.00以上，也呈明显增效作用。田间试验结果表明，喹草酮对阿拉伯婆婆纳防效高，而对猪殃殃Galium aparine和播娘蒿略差；辛酰溴苯腈作用速度快，但后期部分杂草返青，喹草酮与辛酰溴苯腈复配后优势互补，对小麦田阔叶杂草阿拉伯婆婆纳、猪殃殃和播娘蒿防效均优，鲜重防效在88.54%~ 93.83%之间，且杂草死亡速度快，在2种药剂基础上加入双氟磺草胺后，鲜重防效在96.12%以上。喹草酮单剂或与辛酰溴苯腈、双氟磺草胺的混配处理不影响小麦的正常生长。

Evaluate quinotrione and bromoxynil octanoate for weed control in wheat field

In order to evaluate the weed control effect and wheat safety of the new herbicide quinotrione for weed control in wheat field, the combined action of quinotrione and bromoxynil octanoate was determined with co-toxicity coefficient (CTC) method in the greenhouse, and the efficacy of the mixture of quinotrione, bromoxynil octanoate and florasulam on weeds in wheat field and the safety of wheat were verified. The results of greenhouse experiment showed that the efficacy of quinotrione was excellent on Veronica persica, and killed all of the weeds under the experimental dose. The efficacy of quinotrione on Descurainia sophia was higher than that on Lithospermum arvense with a GR₅₀ 12.67 g (a.i.)/hm² and 152.99 g (a.i.)/hm², respectively while the GR₅₀ of bromoxynil octanoate was 26.22, 13.36, and 85.12 g (a.i.)/hm² on D. sophia, L. arvense and V. persica, respectively. When quinotrione and bromoxynil octanoate were mixed in a ratio of 1:1-1:2.5, all of the V. persica weeds died. The co-toxicity coefficient of quinotrione+bromoxynil octanoate on D. sophia were between 140.34 and 202.77, and more than 700 on L. arvense, showing obvious synergistic effect. The results of field experiment showed that quinotrione was highly effective on V. persica, but less effective on Galium aparine and D. sophia, the bromoxynil octanoate had a quick effect, but some weeds revived in the later period. The efficacy of quinotrione+bromoxynil octanoate was excellent with an 88.54%~93.83% control on the fresh weight, and the action speed was fast. The fresh weight control efficacy was over 96.12% when it was mixed with florasulam. No influence on the wheat growth was detected when quinptrine was used alone or mixed with bromoxynil octanoate and florasulam.