榨菜叶还田对水稻养分吸收的影响

利用盆栽试验研究了榨菜叶还田对水稻养分吸收的影响,结果表明,水稻的吸肥规律与其整个生育期的三个生长中心相适应,对氮的吸收在整个生育期出现两个高峰,第一个在水稻移栽后2￣4周,第二个在移栽后8￣10周;对磷和钾的吸收高峰出现在移栽后8￣10周。各施肥处理水稻对氮磷钾的吸收累积量均大于对照,榨菜叶配施化肥处理对氮磷钾的吸收积累量和收获指数都高于等NPK养分含量的其它处理。水稻吸收的氮和磷大部分储存于籽粒中,而钾主要存在于秸秆中,同时,氮磷钾的收获指数随着施肥量的增加而降低,多吸收的养分主要存在于秸秆中,因此秸秆还田对于维持土壤肥力,尤其对缓解中国磷钾肥不足意义重大。

Study on Effect of Tumorous Stem Mustard Leaves Returning to Soil on Absorption of Rice to Nutrition

Effect of tumorous stem mustard leaves returning to soil on absorption of rice to nutrition was studied by pot trial. The result showed that the rule that rice absorbed nutrition was adapted to three growing focuses in the whole growth stage. The absorption to nitrogen took on two peaks, one of them was between two and four weeks after transplantation, the other was between eight and ten weeks. The phosphor and potassium absorption peak appeared between eight and ten weeks after transplantation. The absorption and accumulation of rice to nitrogen, phosphor and potassium in fertilizer treatments were more than those in control. The absorption and accumulation and the harvest index of rice to nitrogen, phosphor and potassium in tumorous stem mustard leaves with fertilizer treatments were all more than other equal nutrient treatments. The nitrogen and phosphor that the rice absorbed mostly deposited in grain while potassium mainly did in straw. Simultaneously, along with the fertilizer amount raised, the harvest index of nitrogen, phosphor and potassium decreased and the surplus nutrient absorbed mainly deposited in straw. So it is important to return straw to field for maintaining soil fertility and especially mitigating the shortage of phosphor and potassium in China.