基于粮食生产大省比较的河北省小麦生产优势分析

为河北省小麦产业发展提供参考,以2001—2016年《全国农产品成本收益资料汇编》、《河北省农村统计年鉴》和《河北省农产品成本调查资料汇编》的数据为资料,利用综合比较优势指数法对河北、山东和河南省的小麦规模优势指数、效率优势指数和综合优势指数进行分析。结果表明:2000—2015年河北省的小麦总产及单产呈不断增加趋势,小麦生产效率优势指数高于河南省和山东省,规模优势指数和综合优势指数较低。针对河北省小麦综合优势较弱、生产总成本投入较高和净收益较低等问题,提出了适当调整小麦生产成本投入,充分发挥生产效率优势,统筹耕地保护,加强用地监管,培育小麦新型生产经营主体,提升农地集约利用水平和优化生产结构等发展对策和建议。

Advantage Analysis of Wheat Production in Hebei Province Based on Comparison of Large Grain Production Provinces

According to the information of National Compendium of Cost and Income of Agricultural Products, Rural Statistical Yearbook of Hebei Province and Compilation of Agricultural Product Cost Survey Data in Hebei Province from 2001-2016, the authors analyzed the scale advantage index, efficiency advantage index and comprehensive advantage index in Hebei, Shandong and Henan Provinces by the method of comprehensive comparative advantage index, so as to provide a reference for the development of wheat industry in Hebei Province.Results: Overall production and per unit yield of wheat in Hebei Province consistently increased during 2000-2015.Wheat production efficiency advantage index in Hebei was higher than that in Henan and Shandong.Scale advantage index and comprehensive advantage index were much lower than that of Henan and Shandong.Aiming at the existing problems, including weak comprehensive advantage, high input of total cost of production and low net income, the authors put forward the development countermeasures and suggestions from following aspects: adjusting the input of wheat production cost appropriately, giving full play to the production efficiency advantages, coordinating cultivated land protection, intensifying land use supervision, fostering new wheat production and business entities, enhancing intensive utilization level of cultivated land and optimizing production structure.