低温条件下不同浸种剂对玉米种子萌发与幼苗生长的影响

为玉米抗寒剂的研究与应用提供依据,以耐低温型玉米郑单958和低温敏感型玉米丹玉39为试验材料,研究7种浸种剂预处理对低温胁迫下玉米种子萌发和幼苗生长的影响。结果表明:7种浸种剂均对郑单958和丹玉39玉米种子的耐冷性产生影响,不同程度提高了种子低温条件下的各项萌发指标,15%聚乙二醇(PEG)和1mg/L脱落酸(ABA)显著提高低温胁迫下2个品种的发芽率、发芽势和发芽指数。其中,PEG浸种对郑单958低温萌发的促进效果最好,发芽率、发芽势和发芽指数分别提高35%、45%和52%。ABA浸种对丹玉39低温萌发的促进效果最好,发芽率、发芽势和发芽指数分别提高44%、42%和52%。10mmol/L氯化钙(CaCl_2)对株高、鲜重等幼苗生长具有较好的促进作用,可使郑单958幼苗的株高和鲜重提高60%以上,丹玉39幼苗的株高和鲜重提高30%以上,有利于壮苗。

Effects of Soaking Agent on Maize Seed Germination and Seedling Growth under Low Temperature

In order to provide basis for research and application of maize cold-resistant agent,the authors took maize varieties of Zhengdan958 with strong resistance to cold and Danyu 39 with sensitive to low temperature as experimental materials,the effects of seven kinds of soaking agents on the seed germination and seedling growth under low temperature stress were investigated.Results:Soaking agents could affect the cold tolerance of the seed,and the germination indexes were improved differently under low temperature.Both 15％ PEG and 1 mg/L ABA could significantly increase the germination rate,germination energy and germination index of the two maize cultivars under low temperature.Seeds soaked by 15％ PEG had the best promoting effect on the germination of Zhengdan 958 and the above indexes were increased by 35％,45％,and 52％ respectively.For Danyu 39,ABA was the best seed soaking agent and improved the above indexes 44％,42％ and 52％ successively.10 mmol/L CaCl2 had the best effect on the growth of seedlings,the height and fresh weight of Zhengdan958 could be increased more than 60％ and that was more than 30％ for Danyu39.CaCl2 could be more benefit to culture strong seedlings.