水肥调控下糯玉米生长、产量和水分利用效率研究

通过盆栽试验，研究了7个不同生育期亏水组合和4种施肥水平对糯玉米生长、总干物质量、干子粒产量和水分利用效率（WUE）的影响。结果表明，与正常灌水相比，中肥水平时拔节前期～孕穗期中度亏水明显降低总耗水量而不显著影响糯玉米总干物质量、干子粒产量和WUE，但是该处理WUE稍高于其它亏水处理。与不施肥相比，施肥明显增加糯玉米孕穗期和开花期叶面积、总干物质量和WUE，并缩短玉米开花至吐丝天数为0.7～1.0 d，其中中肥水平时总干物质量、干子粒产量、WUE_t（以干物质为基础）和WUE_s（以干子粒产量为基础）分别提高37.7%、50.0%、33.1%和45.1%。因此，中肥水平时（N、P₂O₅、K₂O分别为0.25、0.10、0.25 g·kg^-1）糯玉米拔节前期～孕穗期进行中度亏水效果较好。

Research on the growth, yield and water use efficiency of sticky maize under water and fertilizer regulation

In order to provide scientific basis for rational irrigation and fertilization of sticky maize, through the pot experiment and 7 combinations for water deficit at different growth stages, and 4 fertilization levels, have researched the impacts on growth, gross dry mass, dry seed yield and water use efficiency (WUE) of sticky maize. The results showed that: Under medium fertilization level, compared to normal irrigation, the medium water deficit at early joining to booting stage will be significantly reduced the total water consumption volume, but did not significantly reduce the total dry mass, dry seed yield and WUE. However, this treatment had slightly higher WUE than other water deficit treatments. Compared to no fertilization, the fertilization will be significantly increased the leaf areas at the booting and flowering stages, total dry mass, yield and WUE, also reduced 0.7 to 1.0 day from flowering stage to silking stage. And medium fertilization increased total dry mass, dry seed yield, WUE_t (on the basis of total dry mass) and WUE_s (on the basis of dry seed yield) were increased 37.7%, 50.0%, 33.1% and 45.1%, respectively. Therefore, medium water deficit from early joining to booting stage had better effect on sticky maize under medium fertilization level(N, P₂O₅,and K₂O was 0.25 g·kg^-1, 0.10 g·kg^-1 and 0.25 g·kg^-1, respectively).