PEG模拟干旱胁迫处理辽宁省主栽玉米品种的萌发特性

为了筛选抗旱玉米品种应用于生产,以沈玉35、辽单33等9个辽宁省主栽玉米品种为试验材料,研究不同程度干旱胁迫对玉米种子萌发特性的影响。结果表明:在高浓度PEG(20%)模拟干旱胁迫条件下,相对发芽率抚玉20最高,达95.92%,发芽势相对值富友99和长玉1最高,均为79.59%;萌发抗旱指数长玉1最高,达0.742;贮藏物质转运伤害率富友99最低,为43.34%;对沈玉35胚芽生长的伤害率最低,为78.81%;对抚玉20胚根的伤害率最低,仅3.53%。在干旱胁迫条件下,丹玉39的相对发芽势和萌发抗旱指数均为最低,分别为8.51%和0.103,其次是郑单958,分别为31.25%和0.463;丹玉39胚根生长伤害率最高,为76.32%;其次是郑单958,为49.89%。各品种的发芽率、发芽势、萌发指数、贮藏物质转运率、胚芽长及胚根长在干旱胁迫条件下均明显降低,不同品种间存在差异。抗旱性较强的品种为抚玉20和富友99,干旱敏感品种为丹玉39和郑单958。

Seeds Germination Characteristics of Maize with PEG Simulated Drought Stress in Liaoning Province

In order to screen drought resistant maize varieties,the authors studied the effects of drought stress on maize seed germination characteristics,in which nine leading varieties in Liaoning Province,including Shenyu35,Liaodan33 and others were used as materials.Under the condition of simulated drought stress with high concentration of PEG (20％),the relative germination percentage of Fuyu 20 was the highest,up to 95.92％.Fuyou 99 and Changyu 1 had the highest relative germination rate,up to 79.59％.The drought resistance index of Changyu 1 was the highest,up to 0.742.Fuyou 99had the lowest percentage of disservice to the transformation of stored substance,which was 43.34％.Shenyu 35 had the lowest percentage of disservice to the growth of seedlings,which was 78.81％.Fuyu 20 had the lowest percentage of disservice to the growth of roots,which was 3.53％.Under drought stress,Danyu 39 had the lowest relative germination rate and germination index of drought resistance,which was 8.51％ and 0.103,followed by Zhengdan 958,which was 31.25％ and 0.463 respectively.Also,Danyu 39 had the highest percentage of disservice to the growth of roots,up to 76.32％,followed by Zhengdan 958(49.89％).The above results showed that the germination percentage,germination rate,germination index,transformation percentage of stored substance,length of seedling and length of root all reduced under drought stress,and there were significantly different effects by drought stress among different varieties.Fuyu20 and Fuyou99 were the typical drought-resistant varieties,while Zhengdan958 and Danyu39 were drought-sensitive varieties.