异育银鲫幼鱼对蛋白质、脂肪及碳水化合物需求量的研究

为探讨初均重(2.85±0.09)g的异育银鲫幼鱼对蛋白质、脂肪、碳水化合物的适宜需要量,采用三因素二次正交旋转试验方法,饲料蛋白质的高、低水平设计为33%和26%,脂肪为10.5%和5.5%,碳水化合物为40%和30%,共15组饲料,试验期60 d。结果表明,当蛋白质、脂肪、碳水化合物水平的组合值依次为35.05%、8.23%、27.65%,35.62%、8.63%、28.16%,37.15%、4.56%、31.48%时,试验鱼的WGR、SGR最大,FCR最小。当蛋白质、脂肪、碳水化合物水平分别为33.22%、5.81%、25.58%时,VSI最小。CF和HSI各组间无显著差异(P0.05)。全鱼水分含量与饲料脂肪水平成负相关,脂肪含量与饲料脂肪、碳水化合物水平呈正相关。当饲料脂肪含量大于8%时,全鱼脂肪含量明显上升(P0.05)。蛋白质、灰分含量各组间无显著差异(P0.05)。通过综合分析,异育银鲫幼鱼适宜的蛋白质、脂肪、碳水化合物需要量分别为35.05%~37.15%、4.56%~8.00%、27.65%~31.48%。

Optimial dietary requirements of protein, lipid and carbohydrate for juvenile gibel carp (Carassius auratus gibelio)

In order to investigate the optimal dietary requirements of protein, lipid and carbohydrate for juvenile gibel carp (Carassius auratus gibelio) with initial average weight of (2.85±0.09) g, three-factor second order general revolting combination design was used, the high and low designed levels of protein, lipid, carbohydrate in the diets were of 33% and 26%, 10.5% and 5.5%, 40% and 30%, correspondingly. The experiment lasted for 60 days. The results showed as follows: when WGR(weight gain rate) and SGR (specific growth rate) were biggest but FCR (feed conversion ratio) was smallest, the corresponding dietary protein, lipid, carbohydrate levels followed by 35.05%, 8.23% and 27.65%, 35.62%, 8.63%and 28.16%, 37.15%, 4.56% and 31.48%, respectively. When the above three factor levels were of 33.22%, 5.81% and 25.58%, respectively , VSI (viserosomatic index) was smallest. No significant difference was observed in CF (condition factor)and HSI (hepatosomatic index )among all the treatments (P>0.05). There was a negative correlation between moisture content of whole-body and dietary lipid level (P<0.05), but a positive correlation between lipid content of whole-body and dietary lipid, carbohydrate levels (P<0.05). When the dietary lipid was above 8%, the lipid content of whole-body was increased obviously. No significant difference was observed in protein and ash content of whole-body (P>0.05). In this study, the optimal dietary requirements of protein, lipid and carbohydrate for juvenile gibel carp are of 35.05%-37.15%, 4.56%-8.00% and 27.65%-31.48% respectively by comprehensive analysis.