双酶水解法提取水溶性苦瓜多糖的研究

采用水提醇沉法从苦瓜中提取出水溶性多糖 ,经除小分子物质、除色素、脱蛋白后 ,通过DEAE 3 2柱的进一步纯化 ,得到单一组分。对其进行理化性质检测 ,证实其为多糖 ,并命名为PMCⅠ。继而在苦瓜水溶性多糖的浸提及脱蛋白过程中分别加入纤维素酶和中性蛋白酶 ,通过正交实验确定其最佳水解条件分别为 :纤维素酶 ,提取温度 5 0℃ ,pH值 6.0 ,酶用量 5 % ;中性蛋白酶 ,水解时间 48h ,pH值 7.0 ,酶用量 10 %。通过双酶法与常规法的比较表明 ,双酶法提取水溶性苦瓜多糖 ,不仅使提取的工艺条件更为温和 ,并且多糖的产率及含量均有显著提高。因此 ,酶法提取PMCⅠ为从药用植物、真菌及果蔬中提取分离有效成分开辟了新的思路与途径。

Studies on the Enzyme Hydrolysis of Soluble Polysaccharide from Momordica Charantia

The soluble polysaccharide of Momordica Charantia was extracted, then separated by ethanol. After removing the impurity such as the pigment and protein, the polysaccharide was further purified with DEAE-32 column chromatography until the single peak was got, which was named PMCⅠ.Determining its physical and chemical character showed that PMCⅠ belonged to polysaccharide. Then cellulase and neutral protase respectively were added in the extraction and purification of PMCⅠ,the most appropriate condition of PMCⅠ hydrolysis can be got by variance tests. The most appropriate condition of cellulase was: the temperature of extraction,50℃;pH, 6.0 and quantity of enzyme,5%.That of neutral protase is: the time, 48 hours; the pH, 7.0,and the quantity of enzyme 10%. Comparaing ethanol precipitation with enzymatic treatment showed that the latter not only make the technological conditions mild, but also improve the productive rate and content of PMCⅠ remarkably.