耐盐牧草对南疆地区盐渍土的适应和改良研究

以4种耐盐碱牧草(紫花苜蓿、苏丹草、美国饲用甜高粱和墨西哥玉米)为研究对象,采用生物防治盐碱化方法来分析其对南疆地区盐碱化土壤改良的可行性,以期为改良利用盐渍土壤提供理论基础。结果表明,墨西哥玉米对南疆盐渍土的改良最为显著(P<0.05),其农艺性状和产草量也最佳;其次是紫花苜蓿,其抗逆性强、生产性能较好、营养丰富、经济价值高以及兼有固氮和提高土壤肥力等优点,使其成为改良南疆盐渍土合适的选择。在南疆盐渍区形成以墨西哥玉米和紫花苜蓿为主,美国饲用甜高粱和苏丹草为辅的种植模式,可有效地降低土壤盐分。

Adaptation of salt-tolerant forage grasses to saline soil and their ability to improve saline soil utilization in southern Xinjiang region

In order to provide a theoretical basis for the utilization of saline soil,we used controlled salinization to analyze the feasibility of improving saline soil utilization using four different salt-tolerant forage grasses (alfalfa,Sudan grass,wild forage sorghum and Mexico corn) in southern Xinjiang.The results show that maize had significantly better yield performance on saline soil (P＜0.05),followed by alfalfa which also produced good yields with good nutritive value and with the advantages of biological nitrogen fixation and high economic value,making it the most appropriate plant species for saline soil in southern Xinjiang.The use of both maize and alfalfa with selective use of sweet sorghum and Sudan grass can effectively reduce the limitation of saline soil in southern Xinjiang.