复方中草药添加剂对荷斯坦奶牛免疫和泌乳性能的影响

试验旨在研究自制的复方中草药添加剂对泌乳奶牛免疫机能与泌乳性能的影响。试验采用4×4拉丁方设计。选择4头胎次、泌乳天数、体重均相近的健康荷斯坦奶牛,分为4组,其中A组为对照组,饲喂基础饲粮,B、C、D组分别在基础饲粮中添加30、50和80 g/d复方中草药。试验分4期进行,每期28 d(预试期7 d,正试期14 d,排空期7 d)。结果显示:1)添加复方中草药显著增加了白细胞数、嗜中性细胞百分比及血小板数(P<0.05);但对血液生化指标无显著影响(P>0.05)。2)添加复方中草药显著降低了丙二醛(MDA)含量(P<0.05);与对照组相比,添加30 g/d复方中草药显著增加了血清免疫球蛋白M(IgM)及超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH-Px)、过氧化氢酶(CAT)活力(P<0.05)。3)复方中草药添加剂可以增加血清生长激素(GH)和催乳素(PRL)含量,且添加30 g/d时显著增加(P<0.05)。4)与对照组相比,日粮添加30、50和80 g/d可以使产奶量分别增加10.18%、6.79%和5.19%,但是对产奶量、乳成分及体细胞数的影响均不显著(P>0.05)。试验结果表明,复方中草药添加剂可以调节奶牛机体免疫性能和提高抗氧化能力,且每头牛添加30 g/d时效果最佳。但其对奶牛泌乳性能无显著影响。

Effects of feeding compound herbal additives on immunity status and lactation performance in Holstein cows

This study was conducted to investigate the effects of compound Chinese herbal additives (CHA) on immune function and lactation performance in dairy cows.Four mid-lactation Holstein cows were used in a 4 × 4 Latin square design with 28-d treatment periods.The four treatments were randomly distributed as an addition of 0 (control),30,50 and 80 g/d to the base diet.The results showed:1) White blood cell count,percentage of neutrophil cells,and platelet count values increased significantly (P＜0.05),while serum biochemical indices were not significantly changed (P＞0.05) after adding the CHA.2) Levels of malondialdehyde decreased significantly (P＜0.05) after adding the CHA.The content of serum immunoglobulin M and the activities of superoxide dismutase,glutathione peroxidase,and catalase increased significantly (P＜0.05) with 30 g/d CHA dietary supplementation.3) The levels of growth hormone and prolactin were higher for treated animals than for the control group,with statistical significance (P＜0.05) observed with 30 g/d CHA dietary supplementation.4) Compared to the control group,milk production was increased 10.18％,6.79％,5.19％ respectively,for 30,50,and 80 g/d CHA supplementation,but these data trends were not significant (P＞0.05).Similar non-significant data trends were seen for milk component and somatic cell count data.In conclusion,the CHA can regulate immune function and enhance antioxidant activity,and the most effective concentration was 30 g/d per cow.Lactation performance of dairy cows was not affected.