复合微生物肥料对羊草草原植物群落物种多样性和生物量的影响

为了解草原植物群落物种多样性和植物地上生物量对施加复合微生物肥料的响应,在内蒙古呼伦贝尔羊草草原,分别设置对照(CK)、单施腐殖酸复合微生物肥料(F)、蜜糖发酵复合微生物肥料(T)、海藻酸复合微生物肥料(H)、3种复合微生物肥料混合施入(F+T+H)、腐殖酸加菌剂复合微生物肥料(F+J)和海藻酸加菌剂复合微生物肥料(H+J)7个处理,研究复合微生物肥料对草原群落植物物种多样性和植物地上生物量的影响。结果表明:(1)与对照组相比,2014-2016年施加F、H植物群落特征无明显变化,施加F+T+H植物群落密度分别增加了26.72%、17.94%、34.64%,地上生物量分别增加了7.18%、49.97%、47.64%,其他施肥处理群落特征各年变化不同;(2)2014-2016年施加F植物群落主要物种的重要值无明显变化,施加 T、H、F+T+H、H+J禾本科、豆科植物重要值增加,根茎型禾草(羊草等)对复合微生物肥料添加的响应显著高于丛生型禾草和莲座型菊科植物等草类;(3)2014-2016年施加F, Margalef指数分别比对照组减小了16.40%、5.22%、37.22%,施加H各指数无明显变化,施加F+T+H, Margalef指数、Shannon-Wiener指数、Pielou指数均增加;2014和2015年施加H+J 的Pielou指数分别比对照组增高了7.62%、8.70%。上述结果说明,施加复合微生物肥料对羊草草原植物群落物种多样性和植物地上生物量有显著的影响,其中F+T+H植物群落物种多样性和植物地上生物量显著增加,此外还应充分考虑施肥年降水量,从而实现对草地资源的合理修复。

Effect of combined microbial fertilizer on plant species diversity and biomass of common species in the Hulunbuir Leymus chinensis meadow steppe

The aim of this study was to evaluate the responses of grassland plant species diversity and the aboveground biomass of several common plant species to microbial fertilizer.We set up a factorial experiment to test the interactive effect of six microbial fertilizers in the Leymus chinensis meadow steppe in Hulunbuir in August 2014-2016.The seven treatments were as follows:control (CK),humic acid (F),alginic acid (H),fermented molasses (T),humic acid+fermented molasses+alginic acid (F+H+T),humic acid+compound microbial inoculant (F+J),and alginic acid+compound microbial inoculant (H+J).The results showed that addition of F and H from 2014 to 2016 did not significantly affect plant communities.Addition of F+H+T in 2014,2015,and 2016 increased plant density by 26.72％,17.92％,and 34.64％,respectively,and increased aboveground biomass by 7.18％,49.97％,and 47.64％ respectively.Addition of F from 2014 to 2016 did not significantly affect the plant community,but addition of T,H,F+++H+++T,and H+J increased the importance of the Gramineae and Leguminosae.Rhizome-type grasses (L.chinensis) showed greater responses to compound microbial fertilizers than did clonal grasses and rosettle grasses.Addition of F in 2014,2015,and 2016 decreased the Margalef index by 16.40％,5.22％,and 37.22 ％,respectively.Addition of H in 2014-2016 did not affect the diversity index,but addition of F+H+T in 2014-2016 increased the Margalef index,the Shannon-Wiener index,and the Pielou index.Addition of H+J in 2014 to 2015 increased the Pielou index by 7.62％ and 8.70％,respectively.These results show that application of microbial fertilizer can significantly affect the plant community,species diversity,and aboveground biomass in the Hulunbuir L.chinensis meadow steppe.The combination of F+T+ H had the strongest effect to increase plant community species diversity and aboveground biomass.Precipitation should also be taken into consideration in the restoration of grassland resources.