青贮饲料乳酸菌添加剂的应用现状

青贮饲料乳酸菌添加剂对改善青贮饲料品质具有显著作用。为了明确目前国内外对乳酸菌饲料添加剂的研究及应用情况,本文对近年来青贮饲料乳酸菌添加剂的发酵特性,筛选鉴定及应用等方面的研究做了系统的归纳和阐述。目前研究已明确了青贮饲料乳酸菌添加剂的发酵原理和青贮的过程,研究内容主要包括以下几个方面:1)乳酸菌添加剂本身、环境因素及饲料作物特性这3个方面对发酵产生的影响;2)青贮饲料乳酸菌添加剂的筛选和优良乳酸菌添加至青贮饲料的研究;3)乳酸菌菌株单独添加、与酶制剂或其他功能性微生物混合添加应用研究。综合以上研究,认为未来我国可以对不同生态环境中的乳酸菌资源进行发掘、筛选,并根据草牧业发展的实际需求以及我国现有的农艺,加强乳酸菌加工利用工艺的研发。

Actual research and application of the silage lactic acid bacteria additives

The addition of lactic acid bacteria (LAB)plays an significant role in improving the quality of silage. In this paper,in order to define the research and application of LAB additives globally,the fermentation char-acteristics of LAB in silage and the study on screening and application is summarized.At present,the research has clarified the fermentation principle and the fermentation phases.The research include several aspects,as follows:firstly,the three factors impacting fermentation comprise LAB itself,environmental factors,and crop characteristics;secondly,studies on LAB addition to silage mainly concentrated on screening and adding the most suitable LAB to ensile;thirdly,application methods of LAB to silage mainly include adding individually and mixed,with enzymes or other functional microbes.In future studies,LAB should been explored and screened from various ecological environments,and the research of utilization technology according to actual demand and agricultural technology of China should be strengthened.