AM真菌对百合生长和生理特性的影响

以冷藏处理的百合种球为试材,采用盆栽的方法,研究了接种丛枝菌根(arbuscular mycorrhizal,AM)真菌摩西球囊霉(Glomus mosseae)及地表球囊霉(G. versiforme)和G. mosseae+G. versiforme的混合菌种对百合种球生长及生理生化特性的影响。结果表明,单一、混合接种真菌摩西球囊霉和地表球囊霉菌种均促进百合的生长,百合株高、茎粗、地上部分干重、地下部分干重和叶表面积有明显增加,与对照之间存在显著差异;接菌处理后,接种混合菌种的百合根系侵染率最高;与对照相比,接种混合菌种能够显著提高百合叶片中叶绿素含量、超氧化物歧化酶、过氧化物酶、过氧化氢酶含量。接菌百合的丙二醛含量比对照降低30%,可溶性蛋白、可溶性糖含量分别比对照提高了25%和46%,表明AM真菌可减轻膜脂氧化的伤害,减少植株体内RNA降解酶,增强非酶促防御系统能力,增强植物细胞的保水能力。此外,接种AM菌对叶片净光合速率、蒸腾速率、气孔导度具有显著的促进作用,百合生长量增加;对百合生长指标和生理特性各指标的影响均以混合菌种接种效果最佳,且接种混合菌种显著高于单一菌种,两菌种间差异不明显。从综合接种效应来看,摩西球囊霉、地表球囊霉均是培育百合菌根苗优良备选菌株,而在条件允许下混合接种G. mosseae+G. versiforme对百合花卉生长更为有利。

Effect of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi on growth and physiological characteristics of Lilium brownii

Lilium brownii bulbs under cool storage were used to test the effect of inoculated arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi (Glomus mosseae,G.versiforme and a mix of the two) on bulb growth,physiological and biochemical characteristics in a pot experiment.The results showed that the individual and mixed AM treatments promoted L.brownii growth.Plant height,stem diameter,dry weight above and below ground and leaf surface area increased significantly compared with the non-inoculated control.Of all the inoculation treatments,the mixed fungi had the highest AM colonization.Compared with the control,inoculation with mixed AM significantly improved L.brownii leaf chlorophyll content,superoxide dismutase,peroxidase and catalase content.The inoculation of lily malondialdehyde content was 30％ lower than that in the control,while soluble protein and soluble sugar content increased by 25％ and 46％ respectively,indicating that AM fungi can reduce the damage of membrane lipid oxidation,decrease plant RNA degradation enzymes in the plant,enhance the capacity of the non-enzymatic defense system and increase water retention in plant cells.In addition,inoculation with AM fungi had significant positive effects on leaf net photosynthetic rate,transpiration rate and stomatal conductance.Inoculation with mixed fungi showed significantly higher effects on L.brownii growth and physiological characteristics than non-mixed treatments,while no significant differences were detected between the two strains individually.The study thus shows that G.mosseae and G.versiforme,and especially inoculation with mixes of the two,have the potential to enhance L.brownii growth and flowering.