乡村土地开发对森林生态系统服务功能的影响

根据马家河乡2005年和2010年的土地开发利用数据,采用Costanza提出的生态系统服务功能价值(ESV)计算方法,对其不同利用类型土地的森林生态系统服务功能及森林生态系统单项服务功能的价值进行评估。结果表明:马家河乡土地利用类型变化中,以林地、居住及建设用地等类型变化为主。其中,林地面积减少的最多,其所占国土总面积的比例减少幅度达到11.94%;其次为耕地面积,减少了3.02%;果园、草地水域的面积基本保持不变;而居住及建设用地增幅最大,达到了8.14%。马家河乡土地的森林生态系统的服务功能价值以林地价值减少最多,达到664.5元;果园价值减少459.77元;耕地价值减少188.97元;草地价值减少了64.39元;水域、居住及建设用地和未利用地的价值有不同程度的上升。马家河乡森林生态系统单项服务功能价值中除了森林游憩保健服务功能的价值有所上升,其余各项服务功能的价值均有不同程度地下降。

Effect of rural land development on forest ecosystem services

According to the land use data of Majiahe Township in 2005 and 2010,the ecosystem services value of different land use types and single service value of forest ecosystem in Majiahe Township were evaluated by using the ESV formula.The results showed that,the change of land use type was mainly based on forest land,residential and constructive land.The decreased degree of forest land area was the largest,reached 11.94%,followed by cultivated land area which decreased by 3.02%.The areas of orchard,grassland and water remained constant,while the increased degree of residential and constructive land area was the largest,reached 8.14%.Among the ecosystem services values of different land use types in Majiahe Township,the forest land value had the largest descent of 664.5 yuan,the orchard value decreased by 459.77 yuan,the cultivated land value decreased by 188.97 yuan,and the grassland value decreased by 64.39 yuan,while the values of water,residential and constructive land and unused land had an increasing tendency in different degrees.The values of forest ecosystem in single service decreased in different degree except the forest recreation and health service value increased.