北京口岸进境植物疫情分析及建议

2008—2012年间，北京口岸共截获有害生物3618种次，其中以2011年最多，达到1092种次，2008年奥运年最低为441种次。截获的有害生物中以昆虫种次最多，为1970种次，其次是真菌1161种次，线虫列第3位，285种次；截获的检疫性有害生物中，昆虫种次最多，93种次，其次是线虫，61种次，病毒（类病毒）排第3，18种次。检疫性昆虫截获率整体呈下降趋势，而检疫性线虫和病毒（类病毒）的截获数量和种次逐年呈明显上升趋势，疫情首次截获情况突出。对2008—2012年间北京口岸截获植物疫情进行统计分析，旨在为提高口岸检疫监管、降低外来有害生物传入风险和检验检疫科学决策提供参考。

Analysis and Advice on the Intercepted Epidemic Situation of Imported Plant in Beijing Port

From 2008 to 2012, 3618 species （times） pests had been intercepted in Beijing port during the pastfive years. The most species were 1092 species （times） pests in 2011, while there were only 441 species （times）in 2008 Olympic year. The dominant pests were insects with 1970 species （times）, followed by fungi with 1161species （times）. The third were nematodes with 285 species （times）. Among all of the quarantine pests, thedominant pests were inse~：ts with 93 species （times）, followed by the nematodes with 61 species （times）. Thethird category was virus （viroids）. The quantity and species of insects had reduced year by year, while thequantity and species of nematodes and virus （viroids） had increased obviously year by year. Based on theanalysis of the epidemic situation occurred in Beijing port from 2008 to 2012, suggestions were put forward forthe improvement of port quarantine and supervision, the reduction of the invasion risk of the exotic pests andthe reference of inspection and quarantine scientific decision-making.