Dual extraction of essential oil and podophyllotoxin from Juniperus virginiana |
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Authors: | Archana J Gawde Charles L Cantrell Valtcho D Zheljazkov |
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Institution: | aMississippi State University, Department of Plant and Soil Sciences, Mississippi State, MS 39762, United States;bNatural Products Utilization Research Unit, Agricultural Research Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture, P.O. Box 8048, University, MS 38677, United States;cMississippi State University, North Mississippi Research and Extension Center, 5421 Highway 145 South, Verona, MS 38879, United States |
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Abstract: | The leaves (needles) of eastern red cedar (Juniperus virginiana L.) contain two important natural products: essential oil and podophyllotoxin. The hypothesis of this study was that it may be possible to extract both essential oil and podophyllotoxin from the leaves of the tree, by using a dual extraction method. Podophyllotoxin was obtained from the leaves following steam distillation of the leaves to produce the essential oil, indicating that steam distillation did not degrade podophyllotoxin. Furthermore, a product with 6% purity podophyllotoxin was obtained from the steam-distilled plant material, demonstrating the possibility for the establishment of an industrially economic protocol for dual extraction of these two natural products. Our study demonstrated that J. virginiana leaves, currently a waste-product from the timber industry, could be sequentially extracted for essential oil and podophyllotoxin and utilized as a by-product instead. We also found that the J. virginiana heartwood (a traditional source for cedarwood essential oil) does not contain podophyllotoxin. This is the first study to report both podophyllotoxin and essential oil in J. virginiana, and the first report on the dual extraction of these two natural products from the same biomass samples. |
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Keywords: | Podophyllotoxin Essential oil Dual extraction Juniperus virginiana Cupressaceae |
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