小型装配式恒温贮藏库和土窑洞改造库建设及其贮藏的红富士苹果品质分析

应用100 mm厚聚氨酯彩钢夹心保温板组装冷库墙体及库顶,用150 mm厚聚苯乙烯泡沫板进行地面保温处理,并配备氟制冷机组和智能温控电控箱,新建1座6 m×12 m×3.5 m(宽×长×高,下同)小型装配式恒温贮藏库,在原有土窑洞库顶和墙体喷涂80 mm厚聚氨酯,用150 mm厚聚苯乙烯泡沫板进行地面保温处理,改造1座3.8 m×28 m×4 m传统土窑洞式贮藏库,以未改造的传统土窑洞和大型恒温冷库为对照,以红富士苹果为试材,研究了新建(改造)贮藏设施的降温与保温性能及其对苹果的保鲜效果。结果表明,小型装配式恒温贮藏库和土窑洞改造库均能在1 h之内将空库库温降至0℃以下,贮藏温度可均匀、稳定地控制在0℃左右;苹果贮藏120 d,其果实硬度、可溶性固形物和可滴定酸含量显著高于传统土窑洞,而与大型恒温冷库贮藏苹果的效果无显著差异。小型装配式恒温贮藏库和土窑洞改造库可以满足果农贮藏苹果的需要。

Building of Small-scale Assembly Type of Cold Storage House and Loess Cave Dwelling and Their Storage Quality Analysis of Fuji Apple

100 mm Pu color steel insulated sandwich panel were used for building wall and top of cold storage house. 150 mm polystyrene foam panel was placed on floor for keeping warm. Fluorine refrigeration unit and intelligent temperature control box were equipped＇ A assembly type of cold storage house （6 m×12 m×3.5 m） were built. A loess cave dwelling（3.8 m×28 m×4 m） was reformed through spraying wall and top of original loess cave dwelling with 80 mm polyurethane and placing 150 mm polystyrene foam panel on floor for keeping warm. The original loess cave dwelling and large-scale temperature storage house were used as control, we investigated the keeping temperature capacity of the new cold storage and reformed cold storage houses, and their preservation effect on Fuji apples. Results showed that, both the new cold storage and reformed cold storage houses could well control storage temperature around 0 ℃. After 120 days of storage, some quality indexs （hardness, soluble solid content and titratable acid content） of apples in the new cold storage and reformed cold storage houses were almost as good as ones in large-scale machinery cold storage house, and better than those in the original loess cave dwelling. This indicated that, both small-scale assembled cold storage house and reformed cold storage house may meet the requirement of fruit growers storing apples.