水稻白化转绿基因对农艺性状和外观米质的影响

在籼粳交后代中发现一个表现白化转绿(green-revertible albino)的变异材料, 通过连续多代选留杂合株, 最终育成一对白化转绿近等基因系Gra和gra。用120个InDel标记进行的多态性分析表明Gra和gra的近等性良好。通过比较近等基因系间叶绿素含量、农艺性状、外观米质发现, 白化转绿基因gra(t)直接降低4叶1心期叶绿素含量近半, 使苗期叶色失绿, 间接影响移栽期白根数、出叶速度、分蘖能力, 最终使有效穗降低, 单株产量降低过半; 近等基因系间, 叶片长宽差异有的显著有的不显著, 株高、穗实粒数、结实率、千粒重未受明显影响; 白化转绿基因对米粒长、宽和垩白率无显著影响。

Effects of Green-Revertible Albino Gene on the Agronomy Traits and Appearance Quality in Rice

Chlorophyll content mutants are important genetic material for photosynthesis and cytoplasmic-nuclear interaction studies, and useful breeding materials for identifying and improving the purity of hybrid seeds. A variant of green-revertible albino (gra) was discovered among the progenies from a crossing of G46B (indica)×Sirio (japonica). A pair of near-isogenic lines (NILs) of Gra and gra were bred by continuously heterozygote self-crossing. The near-isogenic level was evaluated through analysis of polymorphism detected by 120 InDels markers and the results indicated that Gra and gra is a good pair of NILs. Comparative analysis on agronomic and appearance quality traits of NILs indicated that the gra(t)-gene reduced half of the content of chlorophyll at 4–5th leaf stage, and significantly decreased the white root number at transplanting stage, leaf producing speed, tillering ability as well as available spike number and yield per plant. The gra(t)-gene also significantly influenced the length of 2, 3–5, 7, and 9–11th leaves and the width of 3–7 and 9th leaves. However, the gra(t) gene didn’t affect the other agronomic traits and the appearance quality of the milled rice investigated in this study.