大豆显性核雄性不育突变体N7241S的发现与遗传分析

 从大豆地方品种阜阳四粒荚（N7241）繁殖更新群体中发掘出育性异常种质N7241S。花粉发芽实验结果表明，N7241S不育株的花粉不能萌发花粉管，完全败育。人工平行杂交试验表明，N7241S不育株的雌性育性与正常可育株无差异。与隐性核不育种质ms1、ms2相比，N7241S不育株具有更高的自然异交结实率，表明N7241S属雄性不育、雌性育性正常突变体。通过N7241S不育株与5个育性正常亲本杂交和回交后代分离群体的遗传分析，表明N7241S雄性不育性受单显性基因控制。对N7241S显性核不育类型在大豆轮回选择及杂交制种方面的应用前景进行了讨论。

Discovery of a Dominant Nuclear Male Sterile Mutant N7241S in Soybean and Analysis of Its Inheritance

A spontaneous soybean male-sterile mutant N7241S was discovered and identified from a landrace Fuyangsilijia (N7241). The results of pollen germination experiments showed that the pollens of N7241S plants were completely aborted, while the female fertility of the N7241S sterile plants was normal according to parallel cross tests. The male-sterile plants performed relatively better in outcrossing ability than those of recessive monogenic mutants, such as ms1, ms2, etc. Therefore, N7241S is a male-sterile female-fertile mutant. Genetical analyses of different segregational populations between N7241S male-sterile plants and five normal parents showed that the male sterility of N7241S was controlled by a dominant gene. Strategies and methods of N7241S dominant male sterility to be used in recurrent selection as well as hybrid seed production were discussed.