醋酸可的松和地塞米松诱发野鼠卡氏肺孢子虫肺炎的试验研究

采用16只褐家鼠、30只黄胸鼠和20只小家鼠经皮下注射醋酸可的松和地基米松12周，建立野鼠卡氏肺孢子虫肺炎模型。经剖捡，取肺组织制备涂片、印片和切片，用不同染色液染色后，进行病原体形态观察。结果表明：黄胸鼠卡氏肺孢子虫感染率最高，为100％；褐家鼠感染率次之，为81．25％；小家鼠最低，为65％；注射醋酸可的松的诱导率高于地塞米松的诱导率。支气管灌洗液涂片和肺组织印片用姬姆萨染色后，可见卡氏肺孢子虫的囊内小体和滋养体；肺组织印片和切片用哥氏银、甲苯胺蓝染色后，可见清晰的卡氏肺孢子虫的包囊壁。

Experimental study on Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia in wild rats and mice by cortisone acetate and dexamethasone inducement

16 Rattus flavipectus,30 Rattus Norvegicus and 20 Mus muscuius were built up Pneumocystis carinili pneumonia in wild rats and mice models by injected subcutaneously with cortisone aceteta and dexamethasone for 12 weeks. At necropsy, the lung tissues were taken to make smears, imprints and sections.Pathogen morphology was observed under light microscope after stained. The experimental results showed the infective rate of Rattus norvegicus,Rattus flavipectus and Mus muscuius were 100% ,81.25% and 65% respectively. The inducemental rate injected with cortisone aceteta was higher than injected with dexamethasone. The smears and imprints using giensa stain could be seen sporozoites of Pneumocystis carinii cysts and trophozoites. The imprints and sections stained by methemamine silve and toluidine blue could be observed the clear cysts wall.