茶园间种泡桐生态及经济效益的研究

前言茶树原产于我国云贵高原亚热带—热带湿润季风地区。在强光、高温、低湿条件下,茶树生长不良,茶叶品质下降。近二十多年来,世界主要产茶国家先后致力于改变茶园生态环境而提高茶叶品质的研究。我国早在唐代、宋代就有了茶粮间作、茶桐间作的记载。1959年云南普文农场在热带茶园成功地建立了橡胶与茶树间作的胶茶人工群落。1970—1985年唐荣南、王融初分别成功地建立了湿地松与茶树、葡萄与茶树的人工群落。本试验试图选用强阳性、深根落叶阔叶树——泡桐与茶树间作,建立多层次的复合生态系统,改善茶叶品质,促使茶叶稳产高产,同时提供部分优质木材,取得较高的经济效益。

STUDIES ON THE ECOLOGICAL AND ECONOMIC BENEFIT OF TEA PLANTATION INTERCROPPED BY PAULOWNIA

The eslablishment of arificial multi-storied community structure by intercropping paulownia with tea have made the ecological conditions of tea plantation improved. It was shown, on one hand, that the ecological environment regulated by paulownia trees under 37% shading condition was optimum for the growth of new tea shoots, and for improvement of tea quality as a result of increasing the beneficial composition of tea leaves. On the other hand, it can increase the paulownia timber and economic benefit of per unit aera because of sufficient utilization of sun energy in forest land.