土壤肥力对余甘子产量的影响

福建省惠安县是余甘子的主产地,然而余甘子单产不稳不高。通过对不同产量的余甘子土壤肥力进行分析,并结合余甘子果实营养成分进行比较,结果表明:要提高余甘子产量,必须提高土壤有机质含量,以改良土壤理化性状,提高土壤肥力。要获得35 955 kg/hm2以上的产量水平,土壤中A层的全氮、全磷、全钾的含量应分别高于0.097%、0.126%、4.13%,B层中全氮、全磷、全钾的含量应分别高于0.038%、0.074%、4.24%。提高土壤中磷素含量(特别是速效磷的含量)对于余甘子的高产优质至关重要。在惠安丰产余甘子园的氮、磷、钾肥施用量平均为N247.5 kg/hm2,P2O5为298.5 kg/hm2,K2O为387 kg/hm2,N、P2O5、K2O比例1∶1.21∶1.56。这个施肥量及元素比例与果实营养含量比例较接近,不仅满足了树体连续高产的养分需求,又防止滥施肥料之弊病。

The Impact of Soil Fertility on the Yield of Phyllanthus Emblica L.

The fruit production of Phyllathus emblica has been being a big problem in Hui'an county,Fujian province,the main plantation area of P.emblica.In this paper,the author tried to examine the impact of soil fertility on the yield of P.emblica.Several plantations of P.emblica were chosen to analyze the relationship between yield and soil fertility.The results showed that the content of soil organic substance might be important factor to yield of P.emblica for it could improve the physicochemical properties and fertility of soil.When the content of whole Nitrogen,the whole Phosphate and the whole Potassium of soil in Layer A and Layer B were higher than 0.097%,0.126%,4.13% and 0.038%,0.074%,4.24% respectively,the yield of P.emblica could reach or was higher than(35 955 kg/hm~2).Furthermore,high level of Phosphate content(especially the quick-acting Phosphate) might be a key factor to the yield of P.emblica.A experiment of fertilization was carried out on the Hui'an plantation of P.emblica,the suitable amount of fertilizer were N_2 47.5kg,the P_2O_5 298.5kg,and K_2O 387 kg,N_2:P_2O_5:K_2O=1:1.21:1.56.These results might be helpful for the production of P.emblica.