高产早稻品种理想型性状的研究

 在1989~1990年两年试验的基础上，对19个早籼和8个早粳高产品种的193个性状的育种值进行了逐步回归和通径分析。 结果表明：1)早籼高产品种共有谷草比、单株生物产量、成熟时绿叶剩存率、蜡熟期剑叶胞间CO2浓度等10个理想型性状，由这10个理想型性状建立的回归方程预测准确率均在93.87％以上且χ2 测验效果好；2)早粳高产品种共有移栽时最大叶长、主茎倒二节间直径等7个理想型性状．由这7个理想型性状建立的回归方程其预测准确率均达97．47％以上，且χ2测验效果好； 3)有3个理想型性状的广义遗传力高（>0.92）)。其它理想型性状的广义遗传力均为中等(0.50～0.76)。就几个特别重要的理想型性状对产量的作用机理进行了讨论，

Optimal Characters of High-Yield Varieties in Early Rice

Based on the two years(1989-1990) experimental data, stepwise analysis and path analysis were conducted for the breeding values of 193 characters of 19 early indica and 8 early japonica high-yield varieties. Theresuits indicate: 1) There are all 10 optimal characters such as grain and straw ratio, biological yield per plant, residual rate of green leaf in full ripening stage, CO_2 concentration between cells of flag leaf at dough stage in early indica high-yield varieties. The forecast correctness rate of regression equation set up by the 10 optimal characters are all above 93.8%; 2) There are all 7 optimal characters such as maximum leaf length in transplanting, diameter of the second internode from the top in main stem in early japonica high-yield varieties. The forecast correctness rates of regression equation set up by the 7 optimal characters are all above 97.47%, 3) Broad heritabilities of 3 optimal characters are above 0.92 and of the rest are between 0.50 to 0.76. The action mechanism of the important optimal characters especially upon grain yield are also discussed.