广西自育甘蔗品种主要性状的遗传改进

以台糖134为对照，以广西1957～2006年期间杂交选育并通过国家审定（鉴定）或广西审定的22个桂糖甘蔗品种为材料，对不同品种主要农艺性状的遗传改进进行分析。结果表明，近50年来甘蔗的株高、节数、节间长度变化不大；丛有效茎数、茎径、单茎重明显增加；产量大幅度提高，产量性状遗传改进明显；甘蔗早期（11月）锤度、成熟期（12月～3月）平均锤度前30年平稳上升，后20年上升幅度变小。株高、丛有效茎数、茎径对提高产量贡献最大，是广西甘蔗品种性状选择的主要内容；蔗糖分含量和早熟性取得明显改进，但要选育更早熟、更高糖甘蔗品种的难度加大。

Genetic improvement of major characters of sugarcane varieties in Guangxi

Sugarcane variety F134 was used as the control,the genetic improvement for main agronomic traits of 22 Guitang sugarcane varieties which were bred in Guangxi and passed the registration by National or Guangxi Committer for Crop Variety Registration during 1957-2006,were analyzed.The results showed that in recent years,the plant height,nodes,length of node changed little,and the effective stalks per cluster,stalk diameter and weight per stalk increased obviously.The yield of sugarcane increased and the genet...