信阳茶区柿广翅蜡蝉越冬种群的发生与为害规律

不仅调查了粗放和精细两种管理模式茶园内柿广翅蜡蝉越冬产卵刻痕对茶枝的为害情况,还调查统计了其越冬产卵时对茶枝直径的选择情况,以及在茶枝上越冬产卵部位、产卵刻痕长度和相应的着卵量。研究表明,两个粗放管理茶园内茶枝的受害率（9.86%、13.79%）均显著高于精细管理茶园,柿广翅蜡蝉成虫偏向于在直径为0.20~0.30βcm的茶枝上产卵越冬,而且产卵刻痕顶端至茶枝芽头的平均距离为7.22βcm,产卵刻痕长度平均值为1.35βcm。此外,柿广翅蜡蝉越冬产卵刻痕长度（x）与刻痕内着卵量（y）之间呈显著正相关关系,满足方程：y=17.83x+1.12（F=3β652,df=1β145,R²=0.96,P<2.2×10^-16）。建议每年10月初到次年3月下旬,应及时剪除受越冬卵刻痕为害的茶树嫩枝条并加强茶园管理,以实现柿广翅蜡蝉越冬种群的区域性控制。本研究为信阳茶区柿广翅蜡蝉越冬种群的预测预报和生态防控提供了理论依据,对减少茶园农药用量以及提高“信阳毛尖”的产量和品质具有非常重要的意义。

Occurrence and Damage of Overwintering Populations of Ricania sublimbata Jacobi in Xinyang Tea-producing Area

In the present study, not only the scarring damage caused by overwintering eggs of Ricania sublimbata Jacobi in tea gardens with intensive or extensive management, but also the scale of tea branch chosen by R. sublimbata for oviposition, the length of scar and number of overwintering eggs in each scar were investigated. The results indicate that the damage rates in tea gardens with extensive management (9.86%, 13.79%) were significantly higher than those in intensively managed tea gardens. Adult R. sublimbata preferred to lay overwintering eggs in tea branches, with scale diameter of about 0.20-0.30βcm. Moreover, the average distance from the top of oviposition scar to tip of the tea shoot was 7.22βcm. The mean length of oviposition scar was 1.35βcm. The results also indicate that there was a significantly positive linear relationship between the length of oviposition scar (x) and number of overwintering eggs in the scar (y) and the relationship could be expressed as: y=17.83x+1.12 (F=3β652, df=1β145, R²=0.96, P<2.2×10^-16). It was suggested to cut off the tea branches with oviposition scar from early October to next March, and improve management of tea garden so as to control the regional damage of this pest. This study provided a theoretical basis for the prediction and ecological control of overwintering population of R. sublimbata in Xinyang tea-producing area, which was of great significance for reducing the use of pesticides and improving yield and quality of Xinyang Maojian tea.