棉花色素腺体和棉酚对棉铃虫抗药性的诱导作用及其酯酶同工酶谱分析

本研究以3对陆地棉色素腺体近等基因系为材料，结合不同棉酚含量的半人工饲料，研究棉花色素腺体和棉酚对棉铃虫抗药性的诱导作用。结果表明，取食于有色素腺体棉叶的棉铃虫，其抗药性显著高于取食于相应的无色素腺体近等基因系棉叶的棉铃虫，色素腺体可诱导棉铃虫对菊酯类和有机磷类农药产生抗药性。不同棉酚含量的半人工饲料试验结果表明，在一定范围内，棉铃虫的抗药性随饲料中的棉酚含量的增加而增加，当棉酚含量超过0．3％时，初孵棉铃虫难于饲养成活。棉铃虫体内酯酶同工酶谱分析结果表明，色素腺体对棉铃虫体内酯酶同工酶谱的谱带数无显著影响，但对其中一些谱带的宽度和颜色有一定程度的影响；棉酚的作用与色素腺体相似，但饲以0．225％的棉酚的棉铃虫体内出现两条新的谱带。经鉴定，新出现的谱带为羧酸酯酶。

The Inducing Effect of Cotton Pigment Gland and Gossypol on the Insecticide-resistance of Cotton Boilworm (Helicoverpa armigera) and Isoenzyme Analysis of Its Carboxylesterase

The inducing effect of cotton pigment gland and gossypol on bollworm's resistance to insecticides were studied, using the materials of three pairs of glanded and glandless cotton isolines, and the artificial feeds with different contents of gossypol. The results showed that the insecticide resistance of cotton bollworms fed on glanded cotton leaves were higher than that fed on the glandless cotton isolines greatly, and cotton pigment glands had a significant inducing effect on insecticide resistance of cotton bollworms. The artificial feed experiment showed that the insecticide resistance of cotton bollworms increased in a certain range with the increase of gossypol content in the feed. While when the gossypol content was higher than 0.3% in the feed, it was very difficult to raise the cotton bollworms, especially for the fledgling worms. The esterase isoenzyme electrophoresis showed that the pigment glands and gossypol had no significant effects on the number of isozyme bands, but on the staining deepness and width of the zymograms. However, two extra isozyme bands were produced for the cotton bollworms fed on an artificial feed with 0.225% of gossypol, which were verified as carboxylesterase by isoenzyme band identification.