小麦淀粉品质改良的综合标记辅助选择体系的建立

 综合运用常规育种技术和标记辅助选择 ,建立了细胞和个体水平 (花粉和籽粒染色、直链淀粉含量、膨胀势和RVA粘度参数 )、蛋白质水平 (Wx蛋白的SDS PAGE)、DNA水平 (Wx基因的STS标记和SSR标记 ) 3个水平的综合标记辅助选择体系 ,用于改良淀粉品质 ,培育优质面条小麦和糯性小麦。结果表明 ,利用花粉和籽粒染色、Wx蛋白电泳、Wx基因的STS标记和SSR标记可以选育糯麦 ;国内首次从 5个组合中选育出一批糯性小麦株系。建立了依膨胀势、直链淀粉含量、高峰粘度的面条品质评分的回归方程 ,给出了小麦面条品质育种早代的预测指标。对综合标记辅助选择体系的利用和糯性小麦的应用进行了讨论。

Establishment of the lntegrated Marker-assisted Selection System to lmproving Common Wheat Starch Quality

Integrated marker assisted selection system in 3 levels, including cell and individual level (pollen and grain section stain, amylose contents, swelling power, RVA parameters), protein level (SDS PAGE for Wx subunits) and DNA level (STS marker and SSR marker for Wx genes) was established for improving wheat starch quality and breeding common waxy wheat and quality noodle wheat. The results showed that the waxy wheat lines were obtained by conventional hybridization breeding method in combination with pollen and grain section stain, SDS PAGE, STS marker and SSR marker. The linear regression equations for noodle quality assessment score according to amylose contents, swelling power and peak viscosity were respectively established, which could be used in breeding programs. Application of the integrated marker assisted selection system was discussed.