水稻纹枯病流行、预测及损失测定

1982年在美国路州大学水稻试验站进行本试验。流行学研究结果表明,品种抗病性、接种体数量是影响纹枯病发展的重要因素。Mars、Melrose 等品种具有中等抗病性,Lebonnet、Belmont 和 Labelle 等品种最感病,Saturn、Le-ah 和 Brazos 则属中等感病。从品种抗病性和接种量的相互作用关系中看出,品种抗病性在决定病害严重度上作用更大。病害系统观察发现,水稻不同生育期的感病率与成熟期病害严重度呈高度正相关。据此建立了不同抗病水平品种的病害严重度预测模式。纹枯病对不同抗病水平品种的为害损失测定结果表明,感病品种损失率为29%,中等感病种为22%,中等抗痫种为9%。试验发现,水稻拔节期及孕穗期的稻秆感病率与产量损失有中度至高度正相关。据此,亦建立了产量损失预测模式。结论认为防治水稻纹枯病的根本途径是选育和推广抗病高产品种;中抗以上的品种能满足生产防治需要,不必施行其他防治措施。

EPIDIMIOLOGY,FORECASTING AND YIELD LOSS ASSESSMENT OF SHEATH BLIGHT IN RICE

This experiment was conducted at L.S.U.Rice Experiment Station, U.S.A.,in 1982. The experimental result of epidemiology showed that varietal resistance and inoculum level were important factors affecting sheath blight development.Mars and Melrose have moderate resistence,Lebonnet,Belmont and Labelle are the most susceptible to sheath blight,and Saturn, Leah and Brazos are moderataly susceptible.From the research results of varietal resistance and inoculum level interaction,it was found that varietal resistance was the most important factor in determining disease severity.