可可种质抗黑果病离体鉴定方法研究

利用可可离体叶片和离体果实鉴定可可种质对黑果病抗性的方法。结果表明：接种方法、接种物浓度、叶龄或果龄等因素影响离体叶片、果实黑果病发生程度；离体叶片接种鉴定方法最适条件是采用针刺法接种、接种物浓度3 × 107 个/mL、叶龄50～60 d；离体果实接种鉴定方法最适条件为采用滴接法、接种物浓度为3×105 个/mL、果龄2～3个月。采用离体叶片接种和离体果实接种方法均能鉴定出可可种质对黑果病抗性的差异，鉴定结果与田间成株期的抗病性表现基本一致。

In vitro Identification of Cacao Germplasm with Black Pod Resistance

The detached leaves and pods of cacao were used as materials to identify resistance of black pod disease in vitro from cacao germplasm resources. The results showed that the infection severity of black pod disease in the leaves and pods were influenced by the factors like inoculating methods, inoculum concentrations, and leaf and pod age. The optimum conditions for disease resistance identification through detached leaf inoculation were puncture inoculation, inoculum concentration 3×107 units/mL and leaf age 50~60 days. The optimum conditions for disease resistance identification through detached pod inoculation were dripping inoculation, inoculum concentration 3×105 units/mL and pod age 2~3 months. The difference of cacao germplasm in resistance to black pod disease were identified by both the detached leaf and pod inoculations, and the identification results were basically consistent with the field performance of the mature cacao in resistance to black pod disease.