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奥地利黑松的生长特性及抗寒性研究
引用本文:周永学,樊军锋,龚月桦,杨培华,高建社,刘永红. 奥地利黑松的生长特性及抗寒性研究[J]. 北京林业大学学报, 2007, 29(6): 53-57
作者姓名:周永学  樊军锋  龚月桦  杨培华  高建社  刘永红
作者单位:西北农林科技大学林学院;西北农林科技大学生命科学学院
基金项目:引进国际先进农业科技计划(948计划)
摘    要:该文通过育苗、造林试验和实验室测定,研究了奥地利黑松的生长特性及抗寒性.结果表明:奥地利黑松幼苗根系发达,主根长、侧根粗壮、层次明显,鲜质量大,与乡土树种油松形成鲜明对照.苗木地径生长量显著大于油松;高生长较快的季节出现在6月下旬至8月下旬,生长量占全年总量的42.3%.31年生奥地利黑松的高生长速生期出现在第15~20年,生长量占树高的32.1%.与油松相比,奥地利黑松树高生长较慢,胸径大于油松,材积年生长量0.007 4 m3,是油松的2倍.人工冷冻处理,测定针叶组织的电解质渗出率,在-20~-40℃条件下,奥地利黑松电解质渗出率明显大于油松;用拟合的Logistic测算出组织的半致死温度(LT50),奥地利黑松的LT50为-16.2 ℃,油松的LT50为-17.9 ℃,其抗寒性比油松弱.针叶组织中较低的束缚水含量、K+含量、类胡萝卜素含量、ABA含量是奥地利黑松抗寒性弱的主要原因. 

关 键 词:奥地利黑松  油松  生长特性  抗寒性
文章编号:1000-1522(2007)06-0053-05
收稿时间:2007-01-03
修稿时间:2007-01-03

Growth characteristics and cold resistance of Pinus nigra var. austriaca
ZHOU Yong-xue,FAN Jun-feng,GONG Yue-hua,YANG Pei-hua,GAO Jian-she,LIU Yong-hong. Growth characteristics and cold resistance of Pinus nigra var. austriaca[J]. Journal of Beijing Forestry University, 2007, 29(6): 53-57
Authors:ZHOU Yong-xue  FAN Jun-feng  GONG Yue-hua  YANG Pei-hua  GAO Jian-she  LIU Yong-hong
Affiliation:1 College of Forestry, Northwest A &; F University,Yangling Demonstration Zone,Shaanxi Province, 712100, P.R.China; 2 College of Life Sciences, Northwest A &; F University,Yangling Demonstration Zone,Shaanxi Province, 712100,P.R.China.
Abstract:This paper deals with the growth characteristics and the related index of its cold resistance of Pinus nigra var. austriaca on the basis of the field investigation and experimental measurement. The results showed that young seedlings of P. nigra var. austriaca had a strong root system, long vertical roots, thick lateral roots, distinct structure, and a heavy fresh mass, a striking contrast with seedlings of P. tabulaeformis. The diameter growth of the one year old seedlings was obviously bigger than that of P. tabulaeformis. The fast growth period of height of seedlings occurred from late June to the late of August, with growth increment accounting for 42.3% of total one. Fast height growth period of 31 year old P. nigra var. austriaca occurred during the 15-20th year, with the growth increment accounting for 32.1% of total. The height growth of P. nigra var. austriaca was slower than that of P. tabulaeformis, while the diameter growth was bigger than that of P. tabulaeformis, with an average annual volume growth of 0.007 4 m3, which is one time larger than that of P. tabulaeformis. The measurement of cold resistance showed that the exudation rate of electrolyte of P. nigra var. austriaca was higher than that of P. tabulaeformis at –20--40℃, the tissue’s median lethal temperature (LT50) of it was at –16.2℃, while that of P. tabulaeformis was at –17.9℃. The cold resistance of P. nigra var. austriaca was weaker than that of P. tabulaeformis. The relative low content of bound water, K+, carotenoid and ABA in the leaf tissue of P. nigra var. austriaca is the internal cause of its weak cold resistance.
Keywords:Pinus nigra var.austriaca  P.tabulaeformis  growth characteristics  cold resistance
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